Geo-Engineering and Energy Production in the 21st Century

2007 ◽  
pp. 5-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Brook Cathcart ◽  
Viorel Badescu
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Energy Production

scholarly journals Prospective Climate Change Impacts upon Energy Prices in the 21ST Century: A Case Study in Italy

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bombelli ◽  
Soncini ◽  
Bianchi ◽  
Bocchiola
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Electricity Price ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Price Fluctuations

The assessment of the effect of the electricity price on energy production is important when studying the profitability and benefits of energy systems. The demand and price of electricity depends upon societal and economic development, but it is subject to a seasonal, weather-dependent variability, and possibly to long-term variation under climate change. Here, we developed a methodology to model the energy demand and electricity price in response to gross domestic product (GDP), temperatures, and random factors, usable for the purpose of cost/benefit analysis of production systems. The method was applied to the case study of the Italian electricity market, showing acceptable capacity of modelling recently observed price fluctuations. Then, we gathered climate projections until 2100 from three global climate models of the IPCC AR5, under RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5, and we produced future scenarios of price fluctuations for two reference decades, half-century 2040–2049, and end-of-century 2090–2099. Our scenarios displayed a potential for the reduction of energy demand in winter, and an increase in summer and spring, and for the similarly-changing electricity price throughout the 21st century. We discuss the application of our model with the specific aim of the projection of future hydropower production, as controlled by climate, hydrology, demand, and price constraints, with examples from recent studies. Our results provide a tool for modelling the behaviour of energy systems based upon knowledge of external factors, usable for further investigation of energy systems, such as hydropower, and others, taking into account the key variables affecting energy production and energy price.

Role of Nuclear Power in World Energy Production in the 21st Century

Atomic Energy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Gagarinskii ◽  
V. V. Ignat'ev ◽  
N. N. Ponomarev-Stepnoi ◽  
S. A. Subbotin ◽  
V. F. Tsibul'skii
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
World Energy

scholarly journals Development of an experiment for investigating the magnetohydrodynamic richtmyer-meshkov instability

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Roy C. IV Allen
Keyword(s):  
Shock Tube ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fusion Reaction ◽  
Fluid Mixing ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Hydrodynamic Instabilities ◽  
Confinement Fusion

Collaboration by some of the world's brightest minds of the 21st Century pinpointed fourteen Grand Engineering Challenges that face humankind today. At the top of this list is "Provide Energy from Fusion"; a requirement deemed crucial for humankind to thrive flourish. Scientists from all over the globe have risen to this challenge in many ways; most recognizably by attempting to succeed at performing inertial confinement fusion (ICF). However, ICF currently remains unsuccessful at providing net-positive energy production, largely due to hydrodynamic instabilities, such as the shock-driven Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI), which occur within the fusion reaction process, creating detrimental mixing. Applying magnetohydrodynamic approaches however, can mitigate these instabilities and reduce fluid mixing. It is precisely this problem that necessitates the research on magnetohydrodynamic instabilities presented in this dissertation to aid in solving the challenge to "Provide Energy from Fusion"; specifically the development of an experiment for investigating the magnetohydrodynamic Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (MHD-RMI). ... By developing and performing the computational and experimental efforts at the Missouri Fluid Mixing and Shock Tube Laboratory (FMSTL), the author has laid the groundwork to observe the suppression of the MHD-RMI in future shock tube experiments.

Mitochondrial matrix calcium ions regulate energy production in myocardium: A cytochemical study

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
W.A. Jacob ◽  
R. Hertsens ◽  
A. Van Bogaert ◽  
M. De Smet
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Regulation Of Respiration ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Mitochondrial Matrix ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Nmr Techniques

In the past most studies of the control of energy metabolism focus on the role of the phosphorylation potential ATP/ADP.Pi on the regulation of respiration. Studies using NMR techniques have demonstrated that the concentrations of these compounds for oxidation phosphorylation do not change appreciably throughout the cardiac cycle and during increases in cardiac work. Hence regulation of energy production by calcium ions, present in the mitochondrial matrix, has been the object of a number of recent studies.Three exclusively intramitochondnal dehydrogenases are key enzymes for the regulation of oxidative metabolism. They are activated by calcium ions in the low micromolar range. Since, however, earlier estimates of the intramitochondnal calcium, based on equilibrium thermodynamic considerations, were in the millimolar range, a physiological correlation was not evident. The introduction of calcium-sensitive probes fura-2 and indo-1 made monitoring of free calcium during changing energy metabolism possible. These studies were performed on isolated mitochondria and extrapolation to the in vivo situation is more or less speculative.

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