Ecosystem Structure and Function Modeling

2001 ◽  
pp. 257-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hope C. Humphries ◽  
Jill Baron
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function

scholarly journals The effects of modern war and military activities on biodiversity and the environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Lawrence ◽  
Holly L.J. Stemberger ◽  
Aaron J. Zolderdo ◽  
Daniel P. Struthers ◽  
Steven J. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Military Training ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function ◽  
Modern War

War is an ever-present force that has the potential to alter the biosphere. Here we review the potential consequences of modern war and military activities on ecosystem structure and function. We focus on the effects of direct conflict, nuclear weapons, military training, and military produced contaminants. Overall, the aforementioned activities were found to have overwhelmingly negative effects on ecosystem structure and function. Dramatic habitat alteration, environmental pollution, and disturbance contributed to population declines and biodiversity losses arising from both acute and chronic effects in both terrestrial and aquatic systems. In some instances, even in the face of massive alterations to ecosystem structure, recovery was possible. Interestingly, military activity was beneficial under specific conditions, such as when an exclusion zone was generated that generally resulted in population increases and (or) population recovery; an observation noted in both terrestrial and aquatic systems. Additionally, military technological advances (e.g., GPS technology, drone technology, biotelemetry) have provided conservation scientists with novel tools for research. Because of the challenges associated with conducting research in areas with military activities (e.g., restricted access, hazardous conditions), information pertaining to military impacts on the environment are relatively scarce and are often studied years after military activities have ceased and with no knowledge of baseline conditions. Additional research would help to elucidate the environmental consequences (positive and negative) and thus reveal opportunities for mitigating negative effects while informing the development of optimal strategies for rehabilitation and recovery.

scholarly journals Linking ocean biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem structure and function: results of the complex SWAMCO-4 model

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bénédicte Pasquer ◽  
Goulven Laruelle ◽  
Sylvie Becquevort ◽  
Véronique Schoemann ◽  
Hugues Goosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function

Impacts of Contaminants and Pesticides on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Structure and Function

2010 ◽  
pp. 111-145
Author(s):  
Thomas Lacher ◽  
"Jr Bickham ◽  
Claude Gascon ◽  
Rhys Green ◽  
Robin Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function

scholarly journals Flooding and arsenic contamination: Influences on ecosystem structure and function in an Appalachian headwater stream

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1991-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah R. Lottig ◽  
H. Maurice Valett ◽  
Madeline E. Schreiber ◽  
Jackson R. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Contamination ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Headwater Stream ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function

Tropical Ecosystem Structure and Function

1974 ◽  
pp. 67-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Lugo ◽  
Mark Brinson ◽  
Maximo Cerame Vivas ◽  
Clayton Gist ◽  
Robert Inger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Tropical Ecosystem ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function

Does the severity of non-flow periods influence ecosystem structure and function of temporary streams? A mesocosm study

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 613-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Muñoz ◽  
Meritxell Abril ◽  
Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz ◽  
Maria Casellas ◽  
Lluís Gómez-Gener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Temporary Streams ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function

Ecosystem structure and function of afrotropical streams with contrasting land use

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 1498-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Fugère ◽  
Dean Jacobsen ◽  
Erin H. Finestone ◽  
Lauren J. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function

scholarly journals A trait-based approach to ocean ecology

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1849-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Kiørboe ◽  
André Visser ◽  
Ken H Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Community Ecology ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function

Abstract Trait-based ecology merges evolutionary with classical population and community ecology and is a rapidly developing branch of ecology. It describes ecosystems as consisting of individuals rather than species, and characterizes individuals by few key traits that are interrelated through trade-offs. The fundamental rationale is that the spatio-temporal distribution of organisms and their functional role in ecosystems depend on their traits rather than on their taxonomical affiliation. The approach respects that interactions are between individuals, not between species or populations, and in trait-based models ecosystem structure emerges as a result of interactions between individuals and with the environments, rather than being prescribed. It offers an alternative to classical species-centric approaches and has the potential to describe complex ecosystems in simple ways and to assess the effects of environmental change on ecosystem structure and function. Here, we describe the components of the trait-based approach and apply it to describe and model marine ecosystems. Our description is illustrated with multiple examples of life in the ocean from unicellular plankton to fish.

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