Use of surfactant theory

Handbook of Surfactants ◽

10.1007/978-94-011-1332-8_4 ◽

1994 ◽

pp. 26-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. R. Porter

Keyword(s):

Surfactant Theory

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The Application of a Mixed Nonionic Surfactant Theory to Transitional Emulsion Phase Inversion

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science ◽

10.1006/jcis.1994.1008 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 162 (1) ◽

pp. 59-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Brian W. Brooks ◽

Howard N. Richmond

Keyword(s):

Nonionic Surfactant ◽

Phase Inversion ◽

Emulsion Phase ◽

Surfactant Theory

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Theory of Heat/Mass Transfer Additives in Absorption Chillers

10.1115/imece1999-0827 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

S. Kulankara ◽

S. Verma ◽

K. E. Herold

Keyword(s):

Mass Transfer ◽

Surface Tension ◽

Surface Concentration ◽

Secondary Flows ◽

Primary Role ◽

Absorption Chillers ◽

Surfactant Additive ◽

Primary Variable ◽

Surfactant Theory

Abstract A new theory is presented, termed the vapor surfactant theory, which explains the heat and mass transfer enhancement mechanism of additives in absorption chillers. The vapor surfactant theory holds that the enhancement additives are surfactants delivered to the surface of the solution film from the vapor and that they produce enhancement by generating intense secondary flows on the film. The secondary flows, driven by surface tension gradients (Marangoni convection), augment the transfer process by providing mixing of the film. The primary variable in the enhancement is the surface concentration distribution of the surfactant additive since the surface tension gradients arise due to non-uniformities in the surface concentration. The vapor surfactant theory is found to explain all observations from several different types of experiments. The new theory is a significant departure from past theories in its emphasis on the primary role of the vapor in the process.

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