Aquatic biodiversity conservation in wetland and marine protected areas

This chapter examines the role of protected sites in biodiversity conservation and in the overall conservation enterprise. It first provides an overview of the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s work on definition and classification for protected sites before discussing the legal basis and the governance arrangements for protected areas. It then considers a range of issues surrounding the designation of protected sites, along with legal measures for their conservation and enhancement (e.g. management plans, controls on visitors and activities, positive conservation). It also explores the issue of enforcement and various measures used for the conservation of marine-protected areas before concluding with an analysis of two major challenges which may necessitate a rethinking of the role and place of protected areas in conservation: the first arises from our improved understanding of what is needed for biodiversity to thrive, and the second is posed by climate change.

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Effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas in the Philippines for Biodiversity Conservation

Conservation Biology ◽

10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01340.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 531-540 ◽

Cited By ~ 99

Author(s):

REBECCA WEEKS ◽

GARRY R. RUSS ◽

ANGEL C. ALCALA ◽

ALAN T. WHITE

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

Marine Protected Areas ◽

The Philippines

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Targeted, collaborative biodiversity conservation in the global ocean can benefit fisheries economies

10.1101/2021.04.23.441004 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

D. Scott Rinnan ◽

Gabriel Reygondeau ◽

Jennifer McGowan ◽

Vicky Lam ◽

Rashid Sumaila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Services ◽

Protected Areas ◽

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

Marine Protected Areas ◽

Global Ocean ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Marine Biodiversity ◽

Collaborative Approach ◽

Trade Offs ◽

International Policies

AbstractMarine protected areas (MPAs) are key to averting continued loss of species and ecosystem services in our oceans, but concerns around economic trade-offs hamper progress. Here we provide optimized planning scenarios for global MPA networks that secure species habitat while minimizing impacts on fisheries revenues. We found that MPA coverage requirements differ vastly among nations, and that two-thirds of nations benefit economically from a collaborative approach. Immediate global protection of marine biodiversity habitat comes with losses of ~19% of total fisheries revenues, but international cooperation in concert with high seas protection improves economic losses for most countries, safeguards all species, and could save ~5B USD annually worldwide. Nations and fishery economies both share benefits from a coordinated approach to conserving marine biodiversity, with direct relevance to current international policies.

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