Characterising essential breeding habitat for whales informs the development of large-scale Marine Protected Areas in the South Pacific

2016 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 263-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
RE Lindsay ◽  
R Constantine ◽  
J Robbins ◽  
DK Mattila ◽  
A Tagarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
The South

Marine protected areas invaded by floating anthropogenic litter: An example from the South Pacific

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (S2) ◽  
pp. 245-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Luna‐Jorquera ◽  
Martin Thiel ◽  
Matias Portflitt‐Toro ◽  
Boris Dewitte
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The South

Ecological and socioeconomic impacts of marine protected areas in the South Pacific: assessing the evidence base

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick F. Smallhorn-West ◽  
Rebecca Weeks ◽  
Georgina Gurney ◽  
Robert L. Pressey
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
The South ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts

Large‐scale signals in the south Pacific wave fields related to ENSO

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Li ◽  
Kejian Wu ◽  
Jingkai Li ◽  
Shaila Akhter ◽  
Xianghui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The South ◽  
Wave Fields

scholarly journals Marine Protected Areas, Multiple-Agency Management, and Monumental Surprise in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Kittinger ◽  
Anne Dowling ◽  
Andrew R. Purves ◽  
Nicole A. Milne ◽  
Per Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Governance Arrangement ◽  
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Agency Management ◽  
Multiple Agency

Large, regional-scale marine protected areas (MPAs) and MPA networks face different challenges in governance systems than locally managed or community-based MPAs. An emerging theme in large-scale MPA management is the prevalence of governance structures that rely on institutional collaboration, presenting new challenges as agencies with differing mandates and cultures work together to implement ecosystem-based management. We analyzed qualitative interview data to investigate multi-level social interactions and institutional responses to the surprise establishment of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (monument) in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). The governance arrangement for the monument represents a new model in US MPA management, requiring two federal agencies and the State of Hawai‘i to collaboratively manage the NWHI. We elucidate the principal barriers to institutional cotrusteeship, characterize institutional transformations that have occurred among the partner agencies in the transition to collaborative management, and evaluate the governance arrangement for the monument as a model for MPAs. The lessons learned from the NWHI governance arrangement are critical as large-scale MPAs requiring multiple-agency management become a prevalent feature on the global seascape.

scholarly journals A Synthesis of Opportunities for Applying the Telecoupling Framework to Marine Protected Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4450
Author(s):  
Vanessa Hull ◽  
Christian J. Rivera ◽  
Chad Wong
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

The world’s oceans face unprecedented anthropogenic threats in the globalized era that originate from all over the world, including climate change, global trade and transportation, and pollution. Marine protected areas (MPAs) serve important roles in conservation of marine biodiversity and ecosystem resilience, but their success is increasingly challenged in the face of such large-scale threats. Here, we illustrate the utility of adopting the interdisciplinary telecoupling framework to better understand effects that originate from distant places and cross MPA boundaries (e.g., polluted water circulation, anthropogenic noise transport, human and animal migration). We review evidence of distal processes affecting MPAs and the cutting-edge approaches currently used to investigate these processes. We then introduce the umbrella framework of telecoupling and explain how it can help address knowledge gaps that exist due to limitations of past approaches that are centered within individual disciplines. We then synthesize five examples from the recent telecoupling literature to explore how the telecoupling framework can be used for MPA research. These examples include the spatial subsidies approach, adapted social network analysis, telecoupled qualitative analysis, telecoupled supply chain analysis, and decision support tools for telecoupling. Our work highlights the potential for the telecoupling framework to better understand and address the mounting and interconnected socioeconomic and environmental sustainability challenges faced by the growing number of MPAs around the world.

Conservation and Protected Areas on South-Pacific Islands: The Importance of Tradition

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Carew-Reid
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
The South ◽  
Island Ecosystems ◽  
Island Communities ◽  
South Pacific Islands ◽  
Traditional Patterns

The natural environments of the South Pacific islands are degrading rapidly. The region suffers one of the highest rates of species extinction in the world, and has probably the world's highest proportion of endangered species per unit land-area. Most island ecosystems in the South Pacific are totally unprotected, and many are rapidly diminishing in area or at least deteriorating in quality. The practice of conservation through conventional forms of protected areas has been ineffective in Pacific countries, having been applied in ignorance or denial of traditional practices or tenurial arrangements when such traditional patterns are often crucial to the maintenance of South Pacific cultures. Only approaches to conservation which embrace the multiple and subsistence uses of natural resources by island communities are having success.

scholarly journals Tropical Cyclone Climatology of the South Pacific Ocean and Its Relationship to El Niño–Southern Oscillation

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 6108-6122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Dowdy ◽  
Lixin Qi ◽  
David Jones ◽  
Hamish Ramsay ◽  
Robert Fawcett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Line ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
The South

Abstract Climatological features of tropical cyclones in the South Pacific Ocean have been analyzed based on a new archive for the Southern Hemisphere. A vortex tracking and statistics package is used to examine features such as climatological maps of system intensity and the change in intensity with time, average tropical cyclone system movement, and system density. An examination is presented of the spatial variability of these features, as well as changes in relation to phase changes of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation phenomenon. A critical line is defined in this study based on maps of cyclone intensity to describe the statistical geographic boundary for cyclone intensification. During El Niño events, the critical line shifts equatorward, while during La Niña events the critical line is generally displaced poleward. Regional variability in tropical cyclone activity associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation phases is examined in relation to the variability of large-scale atmospheric or oceanic variables associated with tropical cyclone activity. Maps of the difference fields between different phases of El Niño–Southern Oscillation are examined for sea surface temperature, vertical wind shear, lower-tropospheric vorticity, and midtropospheric relative humidity. Results are also examined in relation to the South Pacific convergence zone. The common region where each of the large-scale variables showed favorable conditions for cyclogenesis coincided with the location of maximum observed cyclogenesis for El Niño events as well as for La Niña years.

Planktonic linkages among marine protected areas on the south Florida and southeast United States continental shelves

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1234-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A Hare ◽  
Harvey J Walsh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
South Florida ◽  
The South ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Southeast United States ◽  
Continental Shelves

One proposed benefit of marine protected areas (MPAs) is increased larval export, potentially increasing recruitment in unprotected areas. Because most marine species have planktonic larvae, information regarding planktonic transport is needed to evaluate the benefit of larval export. We used satellite-tracked drifters to define planktonic transport routes and rates from three MPAs along the south Florida and southeast United States (US) continental shelves. Drifter tracks indicated both long-distance transport and local retention. A probability model was developed based on drifter releases. The region was broken into zones; zone-specific residence times and movements between zones were defined from the drifter tracks. Transport out of the region in association with the Loop Current – Florida Current – Gulf Stream was the most frequently observed outcome, yet retention was high in the lower Florida Keys and on the Georgia shelf. From the model results, long-distance planktonic transport and local retention are the endpoints of a continuum rather than a dichotomy. Further, the outcome of planktonic transport is spatially heterogeneous with some regions exhibiting more retention and others exhibiting more export. The spatial aspects of planktonic transport described here should be considered in designing MPAs with fishery management objectives in the south Florida and southeast US shelf ecosystems.

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