Frequent Subsplit Representation of Leaf-Labelled Trees

Author(s):  
Jakub Koperwas ◽  
Krzysztof Walczak
Keyword(s):  
2008 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AJ,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Kuba ◽  
Alois Panholzer

International audience We study two enumeration problems for $\textit{up-down alternating trees}$, i.e., rooted labelled trees $T$, where the labels $ v_1, v_2, v_3, \ldots$ on every path starting at the root of $T$ satisfy $v_1 < v_2 > v_3 < v_4 > \cdots$. First we consider various tree families of interest in combinatorics (such as unordered, ordered, $d$-ary and Motzkin trees) and study the number $T_n$ of different up-down alternating labelled trees of size $n$. We obtain for all tree families considered an implicit characterization of the exponential generating function $T(z)$ leading to asymptotic results of the coefficients $T_n$ for various tree families. Second we consider the particular family of up-down alternating labelled ordered trees and study the influence of such an alternating labelling to the average shape of the trees by analyzing the parameters $\textit{label of the root node}$, $\textit{degree of the root node}$ and $\textit{depth of a random node}$ in a random tree of size $n$. This leads to exact enumeration results and limiting distribution results. Nous étudions deux problèmes de dénombrement d'$\textit{arbres alternés haut-bas}$ : par définition, ce sont des arbres munis d'une racine et tels que, pour tout chemin partant de la racine, les valeurs $v_1,v_2,v_3,\ldots$ associées aux nœuds du chemin satisfont la chaîne d'inégalités $v_1 < v_2 > v_3 < v_4 > \cdots$. D'une part, nous considérons diverses familles d'arbres intéressantes du point de vue de l'analyse combinatoire (comme les arbres de Motzkin, les arbres non ordonnés, ordonnés et $d$-aires) et nous étudions pour chaque famille le nombre total $T_n$ d'arbres alternés haut-bas de taille $n$. Nous obtenons pour toutes les familles d'arbres considérées une caractérisation implicite de la fonction génératrice exponentielle $T(z)$. Cette caractérisation nous renseigne sur le comportement asymptotique des coefficients $T_n$ de plusieurs familles d'arbres. D'autre part, nous examinons le cas particulier de la famille des arbres ordonnés : nous étudions l'influence de l'étiquetage alterné haut-bas sur l'allure générale de ces arbres en analysant trois paramètres dans un arbre aléatoire (valeur de la racine, degré de la racine et profondeur d'un nœud aléatoire). Nous obtenons alors des résultats en terme de distribution limite, mais aussi de dénombrement exact.


Author(s):  
G. R. Grimmett

AbstractA random rooted labelled tree on n vertices has asymptotically the same shape as a branching-type process, in which each generation of a branching process with Poisson family sizes, parameter one, is supplemented by a single additional member added at random to one of the families in that generation. In this note we use this probabilistic representation to deduce the asymptotic distribution of the distance from the root to the nearest endertex other than itself.


2010 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosena R.X. Du ◽  
Jingbin Yin
Keyword(s):  

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Moon

Let T denote one of the nn−2 trees with n labelled nodes that is rooted at a given node x (see [6] or [8] as a general reference on trees). If i and j are any two nodes of T, we write i ∼ j if they are joined by an edge in T. We want to consider random walks on T; we assume that when we are at a node i of degree d the probability that we proceed to node j at the next step is di–1 if i ∼ j and zero otherwise. Our object here is to determine the first two moments of the first return and first passage times for random walks on T when T is a specific tree and when T is chosen at random from the set of all labelled trees with certain properties.


2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-269
Author(s):  
Valentin Féray ◽  
I. P. Goulden ◽  
Alain Lascoux
Keyword(s):  

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