Observational Versus Trial and Error Effects in a Model of an Infant Learning Paradigm

Author(s):  
Matthew Hartley ◽  
Jacqueline Fagard ◽  
Rana Esseily ◽  
John Taylor
Author(s):  
Sergio A. Serrano

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a learning paradigm in which an agent interacts with the environment it inhabits to learn in a trial-and-error way. By letting the agent acquire knowledge from its own experience, RL has been successfully applied to complex domains such as robotics. However, for non-trivial problems, training an RL agent can take very long periods of time. Lifelong machine learning (LML) is a learning setting in which the agent learns to solve tasks sequentially, by leveraging knowledge accumulated from previously solved tasks to learn better/faster in a new one. Most LML works heavily rely on the assumption that tasks are similar to each other. However, this may not be true for some domains with a high degree of task-diversity that could benefit from adopting a lifelong learning approach, e.g., service robotics. Therefore, in this research we will address the problem of learning to solve a sequence of RL heterogeneous tasks (i.e., tasks that differ in their state-action space).


1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 553-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Ellis ◽  
Barbara L. Ludlow ◽  
Richard T. Walls

Although several investigators have used prompting and fading techniques to teach tasks with few or no errors, there has been disagreement about subsequent transfer and retention as compared with trial-and-error learning. Fourth grade students in an errorless fading condition learned a symbol discrimination task by a prompting and fading program in which relevant characteristics of the line drawings were emphasized. Another group learned the same discrimination by trial-and-error with right-and-wrong feedback. Findings indicated that percentage of errors was less for errorless fading than trial-and-error in initial learning but did not differ during transfer or retention. However, in terms of time, a history of prompting-fading learning did not transfer to trial-and-error learning as well as one of trial-and-error learning.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Hennessy ◽  
Alexis C. Collier ◽  
Ann C. Griffin ◽  
Susan Schwaiger

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