The Renin-Angiotensin System, Converting Enzyme Inhibition, and Antihypertensive Therapy

1980 ◽  
pp. 1-53
Author(s):  
B. Rubin ◽  
M. J. Antonaccio ◽  
Z. P. Horovitz
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibition

Responses to converting-enzyme inhibition and hemorrhage in newborn lambs and adult sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (2) ◽  
pp. R306-R313
Author(s):  
J. C. Rose ◽  
S. M. Block ◽  
K. Flowe ◽  
M. Morris ◽  
S. South ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Adult Sheep ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibition

We compared the cardiovascular and hormonal responses to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and hemorrhage of 20% of blood volume in chronically instrumented unanesthetized newborn lambs and adult sheep. Administration of the nonsulfhydryl-containing converting-enzyme inhibitor enalapril reduced mean arterial pressure in the newborn but not in the adult animals. Blood pressure fell in both age groups after hemorrhage, and the hemorrhage-induced fall in blood pressure, integrated over the period of hypovolemia, was more pronounced when converting-enzyme inhibition was present in the lambs. This was not observed in the adults. Cardiac output fell following hemorrhage in both age groups, and the fall was greater when enalapril was present in the lambs, but this was not the case in the adults. Hemorrhage increased plasma renin activity in both groups, and enalapril augmented this increase. Plasma concentrations of vasopressin and catecholamines increased following hemorrhage within and between groups. Taken together these data suggest that the renin-angiotensin system plays a more important role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis in newborn lambs than it does in adult sheep, and catecholamine and vasopressin responses to volume loss can occur in the presence of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system.

EFFECTS OF CHRONIC CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITION ON THE VASCULAR RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 745-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Saito ◽  
Mitsuaki Nakamaru ◽  
Hiromi Rakugi ◽  
Hiroshi Mikami ◽  
Toshio Ogihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibition

Renin-angiotensin system, converting-enzyme inhibition and kidney function in aging female rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (3) ◽  
pp. R450-R455 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Corman ◽  
J. B. Michel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Pah Clearance

The age-related changes in the renin-angiotensin system were investigated in normotensive 3-, 10-, 20-, and 30-mo-old female Wistar rats. Plasma renin concentration and immunofluorescent renal renin index remained constant from 3 to 10 mo, then decreased as the animals become older, whereas plasma concentration of renin substrate diminished slightly between 10 and 20 mo and plasma converting-enzyme activity was not modified with age. Acute inhibition of converting-enzyme activity by intravenous administration of 0.1 mg/100 g body wt S 9780 (the diacid form of S 9490) was followed by a 7- to 8-mmHg decrease in arterial pressure and a concomitant 10-12% increase in inulin and p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) clearance in the 10- and 20-mo-old rats. On the other hand, neither glomerular filtration rate, PAH clearance nor arterial blood pressure were affected by converting-enzyme inhibition in the 30 mo-old rats. These results indicate that the activity of the renin-angiotensin system is progressively reduced with age and suggest that angiotensin II does not play an important role in the maintenance of blood pressure and kidney hemodynamics in normotensive female senescent rats.

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