Covariant equations of motion, for a charged particle with a magnetic dipole moment

1970 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Suttorp ◽  
S. R. De Groot
2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. F. DE ALCANTARA BONFIM ◽  
DAVID J. GRIFFITHS ◽  
SASHA HINKLEY

The motion of a charged particle in the field of a magnetic dipole is studied by numerically integrating the equations of motion. The widely believed picture in which a bound particle corkscrews about a line of magnetic flux, bouncing back along the same line as it nears the poles, is shown to be a substantial over-simplification. The nature of the trajectory depends on the energy of the particle, but whatever the energy this picture is not observed. For low energies the particle will corkscrew towards the poles, while at the same time drifting laterally with a variable speed in a quasiperiodic fashion. For intermediate energies the motion is found to be chaotic, and for higher energies it becomes hyperchaotic. In the equatorial plane only quasiperiodic orbits can occur. If the magnetic dipole moment is slowly varying, the particle undergoes chaotic motion even in the equatorial plane, but only for high energies.


2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle R. Yahne ◽  
Liurukara D. Sanjeewa ◽  
Athena S. Sefat ◽  
Bradley S. Stadelman ◽  
Joseph W. Kolis ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S264) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-M. Grießmeier ◽  
M. Khodachenko ◽  
H. Lammer ◽  
J. L. Grenfell ◽  
A. Stadelmann ◽  
...  

AbstractStellar activity has a particularly strong influence on planets at small orbital distances, such as close-in exoplanets. For such planets, we present two extreme cases of stellar variability, namely stellar coronal mass ejections and stellar wind, which both result in the planetary environment being variable on a timescale of billions of years. For both cases, direct interaction of the streaming plasma with the planetary atmosphere would entail servere consequences. In certain cases, however, the planetary atmosphere can be effectively shielded by a strong planetary magnetic field. The efficiency of this shielding is determined by the planetary magnetic dipole moment, which is difficult to constrain by either models or observations. We present different factors which influence the strength of the planetary magnetic dipole moment. Implications are discussed, including nonthermal atmospheric loss, atmospheric biomarkers, and planetary habitability.


1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1142-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Hertzog ◽  
M. Eckhause ◽  
P. P. Guss ◽  
D. Joyce ◽  
J. R. Kane ◽  
...  

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