scholarly journals Correlated gravitational wave and microlensing signals of macroscopic dark matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Marfatia ◽  
Po-Yan Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Effective Potential ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order Phase

Abstract Fermion dark matter particles can aggregate to form extended dark matter structures via a first-order phase transition in which the particles get trapped in the false vacuum. We study Fermi balls created in a phase transition induced by a generic quartic thermal effective potential. We show that for Fermi balls of mass, 3 × 10−12M⊙ ≲ MFB ≲ 10−5M⊙, correlated observations of gravitational waves produced during the phase transition (at SKA/THEIA/μAres), and gravitational microlensing caused by Fermi balls (at Subaru-HSC), can be made.

scholarly journals Gravitational wave signals of dark matter freeze-out

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Marfatia ◽  
Po-Yan Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order ◽  
Stochastic Background ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Relic Abundance ◽  
First Order Phase ◽  
Freeze Out

Abstract We study the stochastic background of gravitational waves which accompany the sudden freeze-out of dark matter triggered by a cosmological first order phase transition that endows dark matter with mass. We consider models that produce the measured dark matter relic abundance via (1) bubble filtering, and (2) inflation and reheating, and show that gravitational waves from these mechanisms are detectable at future interferometers.

scholarly journals Filtered asymmetric dark matter during the Peccei-Quinn phase transition

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ahmadvand
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Annihilation Process ◽  
Density Spectrum ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Asymmetric Dark Matter ◽  
First Order Phase

Abstract In this paper, we propose a bubble filtering-out mechanism for an asymmetric dark matter scenario during the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) phase transition. Based on a QCD axion model, extended by extra chiral neutrinos, we show that the PQ phase transition can be first order in the parameter space of the model and regarding the PQ symmetry breaking scale, the mechanism can generate PeV-scale heavy neutrinos as a dark matter candidate. Considering a CP-violating source, during the phase transition, discriminating between the neutrino and antineutrino number density, we find the observed dark matter relic abundance, such that the setup can be applied to the first order phase transition with different strengths. We then calculate effective couplings of the QCD axion addressing the strong CP problem within the model. We also study the energy density spectrum of gravitational waves generated from the first order phase transition and show that the signals can be detected by future ground-based detectors such as Einstein Telescope. In particular, for a visible heavy axion case of the model, it is shown that gravitational waves can be probed by DECIGO and BBO interferometers. Furthermore, we discuss the dark matter-standard model neutrino annihilation process as a source for the creation of PeV-scale neutrinos.

scholarly journals Mapping the shape of the scalar potential with gravitational waves

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (33) ◽  
pp. 1950223
Author(s):  
Mikael Chala ◽  
Valentin V. Khoze ◽  
Michael Spannowsky ◽  
Philip Waite
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Effective Potential ◽  
Scalar Potential ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
First Order Phase

We study the dependence of the observable stochastic gravitational wave background induced by a first-order phase transition on the global properties of the scalar effective potential in particle physics. The scalar potential can be that of the Standard Model Higgs field, or more generally of any scalar field responsible for a spontaneous symmetry breaking in beyond-the-Standard-Model settings that provide for a first-order phase transition in the early universe. Characteristics of the effective potential include the relative depth of the true minimum [Formula: see text], the height of the barrier that separates it from the false one [Formula: see text] and the separation between the two minima in field space [Formula: see text], all at the bubble nucleation temperature. We focus on a simple yet quite general class of single-field polynomial potentials, with parameters being varied over several orders of magnitude. It is then shown that gravitational wave observatories such as aLIGO O5, BBO, DECIGO and LISA are mostly sensitive to values of these parameters in the region [Formula: see text]. Finally, relying on well-defined models and using our framework, we demonstrate how to obtain the gravitational wave spectra for potentials of various shapes without necessarily relying on dedicated software packages.

ON THE STRUCTURE OF SUPERCRITICAL PHASE TRANSITION

1990 ◽  
Vol 05 (14) ◽  
pp. 1081-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUMI S. HIRATA ◽  
HISAKAZU MINAKATA
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Statistical Mechanics ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
Close Analogy ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Supercritical Phase ◽  
First Order Phase ◽  
Irreversible Nature

A novel physical picture is presented for the normal-to-supercritical "phase" transition in QED around a large-Z nucleus. The process is described as the decay of the false vacuum in close analogy to the first-order phase transition in statistical mechanics. The irreversible nature of the transition is pointed out and the physical implications of this picture are discussed.

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