Distribution of glutamate-, glycine- and GABA-immunoreactive nerve terminals on dendrites in the cat spinal motor nucleus

1998 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Örnung ◽  
Ole Petter Ottersen ◽  
Staffan Cullheim ◽  
Brun Ulfhake
Keyword(s):  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Spinal Motor

Ultrastructure of bombesin-like immunoreactive nerve terminals in the nucleus of the solitary tract and the dorsal motor nucleus

1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B Lynn ◽  
Lesley S Bechtold ◽  
Richard R Miselis
Keyword(s):  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Solitary Tract ◽  
Dorsal Motor Nucleus

scholarly journals Distribution of single-axon recurrent inhibitory post-synaptic potentials in a single spinal motor nucleus in the cat.

1987 ◽  
Vol 388 (1) ◽  
pp. 653-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
T M Hamm ◽  
S Sasaki ◽  
D G Stuart ◽  
U Windhorst ◽  
C S Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Synaptic Potentials ◽  
Spinal Motor ◽  
Single Axon

scholarly journals GABA signaling in the nucleus tractus solitarius sets the level of activity in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus cholinergic neurons in the vagovagal circuit

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (1) ◽  
pp. G101-G111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Herman ◽  
Maureen T. Cruz ◽  
Niaz Sahibzada ◽  
Joseph Verbalis ◽  
Richard A. Gillis
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Kynurenic Acid ◽  
Nucleus Tractus Solitarius ◽  
Afferent Nerve ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Dorsal Motor Nucleus ◽  
Vagal Afferent

It has been proposed that there is an “apparent monosynaptic” connection between gastric vagal afferent nerve terminals and inhibitory projection neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and that two efferent parallel pathways from the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) influence peripheral organs associated with these reflexes ( 6 ). The purpose of our study was to verify the validity of these views as they relate to basal control of gastric motility. To test the validity of a direct connection of vagal afferent terminals (known to release l-glutamate) directly impacting second-order projection neurons, we evaluated the effect of GABAA receptor blockade in the area of the medial subnucleus of the tractus solitarius (mNTS) on gastric motility. Microinjection of bicuculline methiodide into the mNTS produced robust decreases in gastric motility (−1.6 ± 0.2 mmHg, P < 0.05, n = 23), which were prevented by cervical vagotomy and by pretreatment with kynurenic acid microinjected into the mNTS. Kynurenic acid per se had no effect on gastric motility. However, after GABAA receptor blockade in the mNTS, kynurenic acid produced a robust increase in gastric motility. To test for the contribution of two parallel efferent DMV pathways, we assessed the effect of either intravenous atropine methylbromide or NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester on baseline motility and on decreases in gastric motility induced by GABAA receptor blockade in the mNTS. Only atropine methylbromide altered baseline motility and prevented the effects of GABAA receptor blockade on gastric motility. Our data demonstrate the presence of intra-NTS GABAergic signaling between the vagal afferent nerve terminals and inhibitory projection neurons in the NTS and that the cholinergic-cholinergic excitatory pathway comprises the functionally relevant efferent arm of the vagovagal circuit.

Effects of prepubertal castration on the spinal motor nucleus of the ischiocavernosus muscle of the rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 262 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vercelli ◽  
C. Cracco
Keyword(s):  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Spinal Motor ◽  
Ischiocavernosus Muscle

Serotonin-positive fibers within the spinal motor nucleus of the newborn rat, with special reference to co-localization of substance P

1991 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Ozaki ◽  
Norio Kudo ◽  
Nobuo Okado
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Newborn Rat ◽  
Spinal Motor

Immunohistochemical study on development of serotonin-, substance P-, and enkephalin-positive fibers in the rat spinal motor nucleus

1992 ◽  
Vol 325 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Ozaki ◽  
Norio Kudo ◽  
Nobuo Okado
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Spinal Motor

scholarly journals Nitric oxide synthase in motor neurons after axotomy.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
W H Yu
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Spinal Motor Neurons ◽  
Spinal Motor ◽  
Dorsal Motor Nucleus ◽  
Motor Nuclei ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), an enzyme involved in synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), has been localized in many diverse cell types. In the CNS and PNS, discrete neuron cell groups express NOS constitutively. Recent evidence indicates that NOS is inducible in neurons normally not expressing NOS. After transection of peripheral nerves, NOS expression was significantly up-regulated in the axotomized sensory ganglion cells, whereas in the corresponding motor neurons NOS was not induced unless axon regeneration was prevented and ensuing neuron death became massive. Studies on axotomy-induced NOS have been limited largely to spinal nerves, with only one reported in the vagus nerve. The aim of this study was to determine whether NOS induction in motor neurons of the brainstem after axotomy is regulated in a manner similar to that of the spinal cord. By NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry and NOS immunocytochemistry, the status of NOS in neurons of the hypoglossal nucleus, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, and motor nucleus of the facial nerve was examined 2 weeks after unilateral transection of the respective cranial nerves, and the results were compared with those of spinal motor neurons after transection of the sciatic nerve. NOS, undetectable in neurons of the three cranial motor nuclei of sham-operated animals, was observed in about 30-50% of neurons in the cranial motor nuclei ipsilateral to axotomy, but it was not detected in spinal motor neurons after axotomy. NOS localized in axotomized cranial motor neurons was unrelated to NOS of macrophages or endothelial cells. There was no appreciable cell loss from axotomy at this period except in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, where some loss was observed. The results indicate that there is a fundamental difference in the regulation of NOS expression between motor neurons of the cranial and spinal nerves. The possible role of NOS/NO acting as cytoprotective or cytotoxic agent on injured motor neurons is discussed. Motor neurons of cranial and spinal nerves may serve as a useful model to further define the roles of NOS/NO in neurons, especially after traumatic injury.

Correlation between the morphology and potential field of a spinal motor nucleus in the cat

1965 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Van Buren ◽  
K. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Potential Field ◽  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Spinal Motor

THE INTERACTION OF ANTIDROMIC AND ORTHODROMIC VOLLEYS IN A SEGMENTAL SPINAL MOTOR NUCLEUS

1943 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. C. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Spinal Motor

scholarly journals Localization of Ca2+Channel Subtypes on Rat Spinal Motor Neurons, Interneurons, and Nerve Terminals

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 6319-6330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth E. Westenbroek ◽  
Linda Hoskins ◽  
William A. Catterall
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Spinal Motor Neurons ◽  
Spinal Motor
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