Did the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture Affect Trade Flows? An Empirical Investigation for Meat Commodities

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-344
Author(s):  
Pascal L. Ghazalian ◽  
Ryan Cardwell
Keyword(s):  
Uruguay Round ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Agreement On Agriculture ◽  
Uruguay Round Agreement

scholarly journals The Economics of Two-Tier Tariff-Rate Import Quotas in Agriculture

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devry S. Boughner ◽  
Harry de Gorter ◽  
Ian M. Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Uruguay Round ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Nontariff Barriers ◽  
Alternative Trade ◽  
Second Tier ◽  
Agreement On Agriculture ◽  
Import Quotas

This paper analyzes the economics of two-tier tariff import quotas (TRQs) and implications of alternative trade liberalization scenarios. The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture had tariffs replace nontariff barriers as the protective mechanism while quotas ensured minimum trade flows. Our framework isolates the effects of changes either in the second-tier tariff, and first-tier tariff, or the quota. We show how market conditions or relative policy instrument levels determine which tariff or quota affects trade and domestic and world prices. Whether or not exporting countries have been allocated export quotas and the procedures for the distribution of the rights to export and import also influences the efficiency of TRQs.

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