Mixed venous blood gas tensions and cardiac output by “bloodless” methods; recent developments and appraisal

1967 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.E. Farhi ◽  
P. Haab
2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1969-1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Sirdar ◽  
Jean-Gilles Guimond ◽  
Isabelle Coiteux ◽  
Sylvain B�lisle ◽  
Denis Babin ◽  
...  

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. KILEY ◽  
W.D. KUHLMANN ◽  
M.R. FEDDE

ASAIO Journal ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore H. Stanley ◽  
Jay Volder ◽  
Willem J. Kolff

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1558-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN C. RICHARDI ◽  
THOMAS E. NIGHTINGALE

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Laszlo

The measurement of cardiac output was first proposed by Fick, who published his equation in 1870. Fick's calculation called for the measurement of the contents of oxygen or CO2 in pulmonary arterial and systemic arterial blood. These values could not be determined directly in human subjects until the acceptance of cardiac catheterization as a clinical procedure in 1940. In the meanwhile, several attempts were made to perfect respiratory methods for the indirect determination of blood-gas contents by respiratory techniques that yielded estimates of the mixed venous and pulmonary capillary gas pressures. The immediate uptake of nonresident gases can be used in a similar way to calculate cardiac output, with the added advantage that they are absent from the mixed venous blood. The fact that these procedures are safe and relatively nonintrusive makes them attractive to physiologists, pharmacologists, and sports scientists as well as to clinicians concerned with the physiopathology of the heart and lung. This paper outlines the development of these techniques, with a discussion of some of the ways in which they stimulated research into the transport of gases in the body through the alveolar membrane.


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