This study examined social class as a variable in interaction between mothers and their preschool children. Studies on this subject during the last 15 yr. were reviewed and critiqued. The present study distinguished between racial-ethnic background and educational-occupational achievement as sampling criteria. It also questioned whether social class differences demonstrated in earlier studies would be stable during the extensive social changes of the last two decades. This study used videotaped play sessions and some new methodological techniques to analyze mother-child interaction microscopically. The findings indicated that social class was not a variable which could be used to predict differences in interaction.