Exploring the limitations of forward osmosis for direct hydroponic fertigation: Impact of ion transfer and fertilizer composition on effective dilution

Here we describe the synthesis and electrochemical testing of a heteroleptic bis(tridentate) ruthenium(II) complex [RuII(LR)(L)]0 (LR =2,6-bis(1-(2-octyldodecan)benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine, L = 2,6-bis(benzimidazolate)pyridine). It is a neutral complex which undergoes a quasireversible oxidation and reduction at relatively low potential. The newly synthetized compound was used for studies of ion-transfer at the three-phase junction because of the sensitivity of this method to cation expulsion. The [RuII(LR)(L)]0 shows exceptional stability during cycling and is sufficiently lipophilic even after oxidation to persist in the organic phase also using very hydrophilic anions such as Cl−. Given its low redox potential and strong lipophilicity this compound will be of interest as an electron donor in liquid-liquid electrochemistry.

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Three-Phase Electrochemistry of a Highly Lipophilic Neutral Ru-Complex Having a Tridentate Bis(benzimidazolate)pyridine Ligand

10.26434/chemrxiv.12170136.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vishwanath R.S ◽

Masa-aki Haga ◽

Takumi Watanabe ◽

Emilia Witkowska Nery ◽

Martin Jönsson-Niedziolka

Keyword(s):

Redox Potential ◽

Organic Phase ◽

Electron Donor ◽

Ion Transfer ◽

Neutral Complex ◽

Pyridine Ligand ◽

Electrochemical Testing ◽

Ru Complex ◽

Three Phase ◽

Exceptional Stability

Here we describe the synthesis and electrochemical testing of a heteroleptic bis(tridentate) ruthenium(II) complex [RuII(LR)(L)]0 (LR =2,6-bis(1-(2-octyldodecan)benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine, L = 2,6-bis(benzimidazolate)pyridine). It is a neutral complex which undergoes a quasireversible oxidation and reduction at relatively low potential. The newly synthetized compound was used for studies of ion-transfer at the three-phase junction because of the sensitivity of this method to cation expulsion. The [RuII(LR)(L)]0 shows exceptional stability during cycling and is sufficiently lipophilic even after oxidation to persist in the organic phase also using very hydrophilic anions such as Cl−. Given its low redox potential and strong lipophilicity this compound will be of interest as an electron donor in liquid-liquid electrochemistry.

Download Full-text

Three-Phase Electrochemistry of a Highly Lipophilic Neutral Ru-Complex Having a Tridentate Bis(benzimidazolate)pyridine Ligand

10.26434/chemrxiv.12170136 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vishwanath R.S ◽

Masa-aki Haga ◽

Takumi Watanabe ◽

Emilia Witkowska Nery ◽

Martin Jönsson-Niedziolka

Keyword(s):

Redox Potential ◽

Organic Phase ◽

Electron Donor ◽

Ion Transfer ◽

Neutral Complex ◽

Pyridine Ligand ◽

Electrochemical Testing ◽

Ru Complex ◽

Three Phase ◽

Exceptional Stability

Here we describe the synthesis and electrochemical testing of a heteroleptic bis(tridentate) ruthenium(II) complex [RuII(LR)(L)]0 (LR =2,6-bis(1-(2-octyldodecan)benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine, L = 2,6-bis(benzimidazolate)pyridine). It is a neutral complex which undergoes a quasireversible oxidation and reduction at relatively low potential. The newly synthetized compound was used for studies of ion-transfer at the three-phase junction because of the sensitivity of this method to cation expulsion. The [RuII(LR)(L)]0 shows exceptional stability during cycling and is sufficiently lipophilic even after oxidation to persist in the organic phase also using very hydrophilic anions such as Cl−. Given its low redox potential and strong lipophilicity this compound will be of interest as an electron donor in liquid-liquid electrochemistry.

Download Full-text