Synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts by the hydrolytic Sol-Gel method for the biodiesel production

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme B. Shimada ◽  
Alexandre Cestari
RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (104) ◽  
pp. 102015-102022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candelaria Leal Marchena ◽  
Clara Saux ◽  
Robinson Dinamarca ◽  
Gina Pecchi ◽  
Liliana Pierella

Alkaline ANbO3 (A = Li, Na, K) niobates with perovskite type structure were prepared by sol gel method, extensively characterized and evaluated as heterogeneous catalysts for selective oxidation of dipropyl sulfide to its corresponding sulfoxide.


2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 1531-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Moradi ◽  
Majid Mohadesi ◽  
Raziye Rezaei ◽  
Ramin Moradi

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Qurrota A’yuni ◽  
Trisna Kumala Dhaniswara

ABSTRAKMaterial FeF3 dapat diaplikasikan dalam berbagai bidang diantaranya sebagai material katoda untuk baterai ion litium dan katalis heterogen pada beberapa reaksi yang melibatkan sisi asam. Sintesis FeF3 dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa cara, salah satunya dengan metode sol-gel. Di dalam proses sol-gel adanya agen gelasi dapat mengontrol porositas dan sifat keasaman katalis. Pada penelitian ini dipilih agen gelasi dari senyawa alkohol yaitu metanol dan etanol. Masing-masing padatan yang telah disintesis kemudian dikarakterisasi struktur padatannya dengan difraksi sinar-X. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa padatan FeF3 telah berhasil disintesis melalui metode sol gel dengan agen gelasi yang berbeda yaitu metanol dan etanol yang masing-masing dituliskan sebagai FeF3(me) dan FeF3(et). Karakterisasi struktur padatan FeF3 menggunakan difraksi sinar-X menghasilkan difraktogram yang sesuai dengan PDF No. 85-0481 dan data ICSD kode 016671 yang memilikistruktur rhombohedral dengan space group R-3cR dan panjang kisi kristal sebesar a = b = c = 5,362 Å dengan sudut α = β = γ = 57,99°. Struktur kristal FeF3 disusun oleh ion Fe3+ dengan jari-jari 0,384 Å dan ion F- dengan jari-jari 0,798 Å dengan tipe ikatan ionik. Rasio besarnya kristalinitas FeF3(et) dibandingkan dengan kristalinitasFeF3(me) sebesar 5:4.Kata kunci: FeF3, sintesis sol-gel, difraksi sinar-X, struktur padatan. ABSTRACTFeF3 material can be applied in various fields including as cathode material for lithium ion batteries and heterogeneous catalysts in some reactions involving the acid side. Synthesis of FeF3 can be done in several ways, one of them is the sol-gel method. In the sol-gel process the gelation agent can control the porosity and acidity of the catalyst. In this study, gelation agents were selected from alcohol compounds, namely methanol and ethanol. The solids that has been synthesized was then solid structure characterized by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that FeF3 solids were successfully synthesized through the sol-gel method with different gelation agents, namely methanol and ethanol, each of which was written as FeF3(me) and FeF3(et). Characterization of the solid structure of FeF3 using X-ray diffraction produces a diffractogram according to the PDF No. 85-0481 and ICSD data code 016671 which has a rhombohedral structure with space group R-3cR andcrystal lattice length of a = b = c = 5.362 Å with an angle α = β = γ = 57.99°. The crystal structure of FeF3 is composed by Fe3+ ions with radius 0.384 Å and F- ions with radius 0.798 Å with ionic bond types. The ratio of the crystallinity of FeF3(et) compared to the crystallinity of FeF3(me) is 5:4.Keywords: FeF3, sol-gel synthesis, X-ray diffraction, solid structur.


RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (29) ◽  
pp. 24285-24289 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. de Assis ◽  
P. A. S. Abranches ◽  
I. B. Braga ◽  
O. M. P. Zuñiga ◽  
A. G. Sathicq ◽  
...  

Two new p-sulfonic acid calix[4]arene- and p-sulfonic acid calix[6]arene-functionalized organosilica have been synthesized using a sol–gel method and applied as heterogeneous catalysts in esterification reactions.


2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 807
Author(s):  
WANG Min ◽  
NIU Chao ◽  
DONG Zhan-Jun ◽  
CHE Yin-Sheng ◽  
DONG Duo ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona-Crina Suciu ◽  
Marcela Corina Rosu ◽  
Teofil Danut Silipas ◽  
Emil Indrea ◽  
Violeta Popescu ◽  
...  

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