Focal nonconvulsive status epilepticus in children: clinical and electroencephalographic features in 38 patients

ABSTRACT Although catatonia is a well-known psychiatric syndrome, there are many possible systemic and neurological etiologies. The aim of this case report was to present a case of a patient with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and infarction in which catatonia was the clinical manifestation of a possible nonconvulsive status epilepticus. To our knowledge, only one such case has been reported in the literature, which had a simplified diagnostic investigation. It is important to correctly recognize the organic cause underlying catatonia in order to treat the patient as soon as possible thereby improving outcome. Therefore, physicians need to update their knowledge on catatonia, recognizing that it can be part of a psychiatric or neurologic condition.

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Fat Embolism and Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus

Case Reports in Neurological Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/5057624 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Yanetsy Olivera Arencibia ◽

Mai Vo ◽

Jennifer Kinaga ◽

Jorge Uribe ◽

Gloria Velasquez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Status Epilepticus ◽

Mental Status ◽

Supportive Therapy ◽

Altered Mental Status ◽

Fat Embolism ◽

Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus ◽

Altered Level ◽

Fat Embolism Syndrome ◽

Embolism Syndrome ◽

Wide Range

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) typically occurs following orthopedic trauma and may present with altered mental status and even coma. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus is an electroclinical state associated with an altered level of consciousness but lacking convulsive motor activity and has been reported in fat embolism. The diagnosis is clinical and is treated with supportive care, antiepileptic therapy, and sedation. A 56-year-old male presented with altered mental status following internal fixation for an acute right femur fracture due to a motor vehicle accident 24 hours earlier. Continued neuromonitoring revealed nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed multiple bilateral acute cerebral infarcts with a specific pattern favoring the diagnosis of fat embolism syndrome. He was found to have a significant right to left intracardiac shunt on a transesophageal echocardiogram. He improved substantially over time with supportive therapy, was successfully extubated on day 6, and discharged to inpatient rehabilitation on postoperative day 15. Fat embolisms can result in a wide range of neurologic manifestations. Nonrefractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus that responds to antiepileptic drugs, sedation, and supportive therapy can have a favorable outcome. A high index of suspicion and early recognition reduces the chances of unnecessary interventions and may improve survival.

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Pupillary hippus as clinical manifestation of refractory autonomic nonconvulsive status epilepticus: Pathophysiological implications

Seizure ◽

10.1016/j.seizure.2018.11.006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 ◽

pp. 102-104

Author(s):

José L. Fernández-Torre ◽

Alicia Paramio-Paz ◽

Icíar Lorda-de los Ríos ◽

María Martín-García ◽

Miguel A. Hernández-Hernández

Keyword(s):

Status Epilepticus ◽

Clinical Manifestation ◽

Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus

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