Comparing elemental and configural associative theories in human causal learning: A case for attention.

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Lachnit ◽  
Holger Schultheis ◽  
Stephan König ◽  
Metin Üngör ◽  
Klaus Melchers
Keyword(s):  
Causal Learning ◽  
Human Causal Learning

Second-Order Backward Blocking and Unovershadowing in Human Causal Learning

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan De Houwer ◽  
Tom Beckers
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Causal Learning ◽  
First Order ◽  
Human Causal Learning ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Causal Status

Abstract. De Houwer and Beckers (in press , Experiment 1) recently demonstrated that ratings about the relation between a target cue T2 and an outcome are higher when training involves CT1+ and T1T2+ followed by C+ trials than when training involves CT1+ and T1T2+ followed by C- trials. We replicated this study but now explicitly asked participants to rate the causal status of the cues both before and after the C+ or C- trials. Results showed that causal ratings for T2 were significantly higher after C+ trials than before C+ trials and that T2 received significantly lower ratings after C- trials than before C- trials. The results thus provide the first evidence for higher-order unovershadowing and higher-order backward blocking. In addition, the ratings for T1 revealed that first-order backward blocking (i.e., decrease in ratings for T1 as the result of C+ trials) was stronger than first-order unovershadowing (i.e., increase in ratings for T1 as the result of C- trials).

Changes in cue associability across training in human causal learning.

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-436
Author(s):  
Chris J. Mitchell ◽  
Justin A. Harris ◽  
R. Frederick Westbrook ◽  
Oren Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Causal Learning ◽  
Human Causal Learning

scholarly journals Prior beliefs influence symmetrical or asymmetrical generalizations in human causal learning

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-312
Author(s):  
Ryoji Nishiyama ◽  
Takatoshi Nagaishi ◽  
Takahisa Masaki
Keyword(s):  
Causal Learning ◽  
Prior Beliefs ◽  
Human Causal Learning

Cue Competition Effects in Human Causal Learning

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2327-2350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar H. Vogel ◽  
Jacqueline Y. Glynn ◽  
Allan R. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Causal Learning ◽  
Cue Competition ◽  
Human Causal Learning ◽  
Competition Effects

Blocking of Human Causal Learning Involves Learned Changes in Stimulus Processing

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1468-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Le Pelley ◽  
T. Beesley ◽  
M. B. Suret
Keyword(s):  
Associative Learning ◽  
Human Learning ◽  
Causal Learning ◽  
Direct Test ◽  
Stimulus Processing ◽  
Human Causal Learning

Several theories of associative learning propose that blocking reflects changes in the processing devoted to learning about cues. The results of the only direct test of this suggestion in human learning (Kruschke & Blair, 2000) could equally well be explained in terms of, among others, interference in learning or memory. The present study tested this suggestion in a situation in which processing-change and interference accounts predict opposing results. Results support the idea that blocking in human learning can reflect a change in processing of the cues involved.

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