Hippocampal Dysfunction in Schizophrenia and Aberrant Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity in Rodent Model Psychosis: a Selective Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia C. Bartsch ◽  
Björn H. Schott ◽  
Joachim Behr
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Hippocampal Dysfunction ◽  
Model Psychosis ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Review Current

AbstractSchizophrenia is a complex, heterogeneous psychiatric disorder that affects about 1% of the global population. Hippocampal dysfunction has been linked to both cognitive deficits and positive symptoms in schizophrenia. Here, we briefly review current findings on disrupted hippocampal processing from a clinical perspective before concentrating on preclinical studies of aberrant hippocampal synaptic plasticity using the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor hypofunction model of psychosis and related findings from genetic models. Taken together, the results put the case for maladaptive hippocampal synaptic plasticity and its extrinsic connections as mechanistic underpinnings of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Cognitive Mapping Deficits in Schizophrenia: A Critical Overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Altaf Ahmad Malla ◽  
Nasir Mohammad Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Representation ◽  
Hippocampal Function ◽  
Hippocampal Dysfunction ◽  
Processing Deficits ◽  
Critical Overview ◽  
Mapping Theory

Hippocampal deficits are an established feature of schizophrenia and are complementary with recent evidences of marked allocentric processing deficits being reported in this disorder. By “Cognitive mapping” we intend to refer to the concepts from the seminal works of O’Keefe and Nadel (1978) that led to the development of cognitive map theory of hippocampal function. In this review, we summarize emerging evidences and issues that indicate that “Cognitive mapping deficits” form one of the important cognitive aberrations in schizophrenia. The importance has been placed upon hippocampally mediated allocentric processing deficits and their role in pathology of schizophrenia, for spatial/representational cognitive deficits and positive symptoms in particular. It is modestly summarized that emerging evidences point toward a web of spatial and cognitive representation errors concurrent with pronounced hippocampal dysfunction. In general, it can be stated that there are clear and consistent evidences that favor the cognitive mapping theory in explaining certain deficits of schizophrenia and for drawing out a possible and promising endophenotype/biomarkers. Further research in this regard demands attention..

scholarly journals rTMS Ameliorates Prenatal Stress–Induced Cognitive Deficits in Male-Offspring Rats Associated With BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingchun Shang ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Fangjuan Li ◽  
Tao Yin ◽  
Jianhai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Prenatal Stress ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Signaling Proteins ◽  
Ca1 Region ◽  
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Term Potentiation

Background. Growing evidences suggest that brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (BDNF/TrkB) plays a key role in the regulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in a prenatal stress (PNS) rat model. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is currently being acknowledged to affect attention and memory in both preclinical and clinical studies, although the mechanism is still unclear. Objective. The current study aimed to explore whether a whole brain rTMS (5 Hz, 14 days) could ameliorate cognitive dysfunction–induced PNS in male offspring, and examine if the positive effect of rTMS was associated with the BDNF/TrkB signaling in the hippocampus. Methods. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: CON, PNS, PNS + rTMS, PNS + rTMS + DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), and PNS + rTMS + K252a. Spatial cognition was evaluated by using Morris water maze test. Following behavioral assessment, both paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation were recorded from Schaffer collaterals to CA1 region in the hippocampus. Synaptic, apoptotic, and BDNF/TrkB signaling proteins were measured by Western blot. Results. PNS-exposed offspring exhibited cognitive deficits, long-term potentiation inhibition in the hippocampus, the decrease of synaptic and BDNF/TrkB signaling proteins expression, apoptosis, and reduced number of cells in the CA1 region. Five-hertz rTMS significantly alleviated the PNS-induced abnormalities. However, the effect of rTMS was antagonized by intracerebroventricular infusion of K252a (a TrkB inhibitor). Conclusions. The findings suggest that 5-Hz rTMS significantly improves the impairment of spatial cognition and hippocampal synaptic plasticity, which is possibly associated with the activation of BDNF/TrkB signaling.

Long-term regulation of n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits and associated synaptic proteins following hippocampal synaptic plasticity

Neuroscience ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 1003-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M Williams ◽  
D Guévremont ◽  
J.T.T Kennard ◽  
S.E Mason-Parker ◽  
W.P Tate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Synaptic Proteins ◽  
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Aspartate Receptor

scholarly journals Cognitive impairment in a classical rat model of chronic migraine may be due to alterations in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 174480692095958
Author(s):  
Mingjie Zhang ◽  
Yufei Liu ◽  
Guanqun Hu ◽  
Li Kang ◽  
Ye Ran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Inflammatory Soup

Although migraine is a major global public health problem, its impact on cognitive abilities remains controversial. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of repeated administration of inflammatory soup to the dura of rats, over three weeks, on spatial cognition, hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits. Additionally, low doses of amitriptyline (5 mg/kg) were applied to assess its therapeutic effects. The inflammatory soup group exhibited significant reductions in the cutaneous stimulation threshold, presence of mild cognitive impairment, and decreased long-term potentiation in right hippocampus. However, amitriptyline improved pain behaviors, enhanced cognitive function, and increased synaptic plasticity in the inflammatory soup rats. On the other hand, the administration of amitriptyline to normal rats negatively influenced synaptic plasticity and reduced the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits. The present results indicate that inflammatory soup-induced dural nociception led to impairments in spatial cognition that could be attributed to reductions in hippocampal long-term potentiation and the decreased expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits.

scholarly journals Iron MediatesN-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor-dependent Stimulation of Calcium-induced Pathways and Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity

2011 ◽  
Vol 286 (15) ◽  
pp. 13382-13392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Muñoz ◽  
Alexis Humeres ◽  
Claudio Elgueta ◽  
Alfredo Kirkwood ◽  
Cecilia Hidalgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Stimulation Of
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