Evaluation of Pressure Pain Threshold in Head and Neck Muscles by Electronic Algometer: Intrarater and Interrater Reliability

CRANIO® ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Chang Chung ◽  
Bo-Yong Um ◽  
Hyung-Suk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Neck Muscles ◽  
Pressure Pain

Reliability of pressure pain threshold testing in healthy pain free young adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Waller ◽  
Leon Straker ◽  
Peter O’Sullivan ◽  
Michele Sterling ◽  
Anne Smith
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Study Support

AbstractBackground and aimsInvestigation of the multidimensional correlates of pressure pain threshold (PPT) requires the study of large cohorts, and thus the use of multiple raters, for sufficient statistical power. Although PPT testing has previously been shown to be reliable, the reliability of multiple raters and investigation for systematic bias between raters has not been reported.The aim of this study was to evaluate the intrarater and interrater reliability of PPT measurement by handheld algometer at the wrist, leg, cervical spine and lumbar spine. Additionally the study aimed to calculate sample sizes required for parallel and cross-over studies for various effect sizes accounting for measurement error.MethodsFive research assistants (RAs) each tested 20 pain free subjects at the wrist, leg, cervical and lumbar spine. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM) and systematic bias were calculated.ResultsBoth intrarater reliability (ICC = 0.81–0.99) and interrater reliability (ICC = 0.92–0.95) were excellent and intrarater SEM ranged from 79 to 100 kPa. There was systematic bias detected at three sites with no single rater tending to consistently rate higher or lower than others across all sites.ConclusionThe excellent ICCs observed in this study support the utility of using multiple RAs in large cohort studies using standardised protocols, with the caveat that an absence of any confounding of study estimates by rater is checked, due to systematic rater bias identified in this study.ImplicationsThorough training of raters using PPT results in excellent interrater reliability. Clinical trials using PPT as an outcome measure should utilise a priori sample size calculations.

Metformin increases pressure pain threshold in lean PCOS women

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kialka ◽  
Tomasz Milewicz ◽  
Krystyna Sztefko ◽  
Iwona Rogatko ◽  
Renata Majewska
Keyword(s):  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain

scholarly journals A novel metric of reliability in pressure pain threshold measurement

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Liew ◽  
Ho Yin Lee ◽  
David Rügamer ◽  
Alessandro Marco De Nunzio ◽  
Nicola R. Heneghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Pressure Algometer ◽  
Testing Protocols

AbstractThe inter-session Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) is a commonly investigated and clinically important metric of reliability for pressure pain threshold (PPT) measurement. However, current investigations do not account for inter-repetition variability when calculating inter-session ICC, even though a PPT measurement taken at different sessions must also imply different repetitions. The primary aim was to evaluate and report a novel metric of reliability in PPT measurement: the inter-session-repetition ICC. One rater recorded ten repetitions of PPT measurement over the lumbar region bilaterally at two sessions in twenty healthy adults using a pressure algometer. Variance components were computed using linear mixed-models and used to construct ICCs; most notably inter-session ICC and inter-session-repetition ICC. At 70.1% of the total variance, the source of greatest variability was between subjects ($${\sigma }_{subj}^{2}$$ σ subj 2 = 222.28 N2), whereas the source of least variability (1.5% total variance) was between sessions ($${\sigma }_{sess}^{2}$$ σ sess 2 = 4.83 N2). Derived inter-session and inter-session-repetition ICCs were 0.88 (95%CI: 0.77 to 0.94) and 0.73 (95%CI: 0.53 to 0.84) respectively. Inter-session-repetition ICC provides a more conservative estimate of reliability than inter-session ICC, with the magnitude of difference being clinically meaningful. Quantifying individual sources of variability enables ICC construction to be reflective of individual testing protocols.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the effectiveness of a low-pressure hyperbaric oxygen treatment and physical exercise in women with fibromyalgia: randomized clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1759720X2093049
Author(s):  
Ruth Izquierdo-Alventosa ◽  
Marta Inglés ◽  
Sara Cortés-Amador ◽  
Lucia Gimeno-Mallench ◽  
Núria Sempere-Rubio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Perceived Pain

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic pain and fatigue, among other manifestations, thus advising interventions that do not aggravate these symptoms. The main purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of low-pressure hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on induced fatigue, pain, endurance and functional capacity, physical performance and cortical excitability when compared with a physical exercise program in women with FM. Methods: A total of 49 women with FM took part in this randomized controlled trial. They were randomly allocated to three groups: physical exercise group (PEG, n = 16), low-pressure hyperbaric oxygen therapy group (HBG, n = 17) and control group (CG, n = 16). Induced fatigue, perceived pain, pressure pain threshold, endurance and functional capacity, physical performance and cortical excitability were assessed. To analyse the effect of the interventions, two assessments, that is, pre and post intervention, were carried out. Analyses of the data were performed using two-way mixed multivariate analysis of variance. Results: The perceived pain and induced fatigue significantly improved only in the HBG ( p < 0.05) as opposed to PEG and CG. Pressure pain threshold, endurance and functional capacity, and physical performance significantly improved for both interventions ( p < 0.05). The cortical excitability (measured with the resting motor threshold) did not improve in any of the treatments ( p > 0.05). Conclusions: Low-pressure HBOT and physical exercise improve pressure pain threshold, endurance and functional capacity, as well as physical performance. Induced fatigue and perceived pain at rest significantly improved only with low-pressure HBOT. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03801109.

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