Physical Intimate Partner Violence Justification and Female Genital Mutilation in Kenya: Evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey

Abstract Background : Though condemned and considered as a crime by the countries government, Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) remains a common public health problem in Africa and Ethiopia as well. Thus, this study was aimed to assess the spatial distribution and associated factors of female genital mutilation in Ethiopia based on the Ethiopian demographic and Health survey 2016 data. Method: This is a secondary data analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2016 data based on 7,163 women who were included for FGM interview. The data was weighted using sampling weight as recommended by the program. The MS excel and ArcGIS 10.3 softwares were used for data cleaning and spatial analysis respectively. Global and local level clustering was assessed. For the none spatial data and the determinant factors, data cleaning and analysis was done using STATA 14. Multi-level mixed effect logistic regression model was fitted. Variables with P-value <0.25 in the bi-variable analysis were fitted in the multi-variable analysis. Finally, variables with p-value <0.05 with 95% CI of adjusted odds ratio were reported as a statistically significant determinants of FGM. Result : Female genital mutilation was spatially clustered (Global Moran’s I: 0.46, p<0.001). Significant hot spot clusters were found in Amhara, Oromia, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples (SNNP) regions. Mothers age >30 (AOR=2.41, 95% CI: 1.78,3.26) years, never in union (AOR=0.31, 95%CI: 0.22, 0.44), currently not working (AOR=0.71, 95%CI: 0.55, 0.92), women who considered FGM to be continued (AOR=2.86, 95%CI: 1.75, 4.68), not heard of FGM (AOR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.08,0.62), had no formal education (AOR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.71), muslim (AOR=3.90, 95%CI:2.5, 6.09) and protestant (AOR=1.76, 95%CI: 1.25, 2.97), and those who thought of FGM as required by religion (AOR=1.99, 95%CI: 1.31,2.99) were found to be significant determinants of female genital mutilation. Conclusion: Female genital mutilation was spatially clustered with hotspot areas located. in Amhara, Oromia, and SNNP regions . Age of the mother, religion, occupation, educational level, marital status, information about Female genital mutilation, and intention about FGM to be stopped or continued were significant determinants of female genital mutilation Key words : Female Genital Mutilations, Spatial analysis

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Male Partners’ Socio-demographic Characteristics, Attitude and Behaviours as Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria – Evidence from National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2013

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2018/42085 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Oyefabi Adegboyega ◽

Musa Tasiu ◽

Nkeiruka Ameh

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Health Survey ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Male Partners

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Intimate Partner Violence and Its Association With HIV Testing Among Filipino Women: Results From the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-343780/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Veincent Christian F. Pepito ◽

Arianna Maever L. Amit ◽

Clinton S. Tang ◽

J. Ringgo Montaus ◽

Edward Joshua M. Nuguid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

Health Survey ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

The Philippines ◽

Demographic And Health Survey

Abstract Background: The Philippines is one of the few countries in the world where incidence of both HIV and intimate partner violence (IPV) continue to rise. There is conflicting evidence on the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) with HIV testing however, and such an analysis involving Filipino respondents has not been carried out before. Our paper thus aims to study the relationship between IPV and HIV testing. As a secondary objective, we aim to assess the effect of confiding their IPV experiences to other people on HIV testing. Methods: We used data from the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey, only including participants on its domestic violence module. We used logistic regression methods for survey data to study the associations of interest. Results: Out of 17,968 respondents, around 16% of respondents reported experiencing any form of IPV, 13% reported experiencing emotional violence, 7% reported experiencing physical violence, and 3% reported experiencing sexual violence, with even a smaller percentage confiding their experience to other people. After adjusting for confounders, those who have experienced emotional violence have a higher odds of HIV testing as compared to those who have never experienced emotional violence. The odds of HIV testing are lower among those who have experienced any form of violence, physical violence, and sexual violence as compared to respondents who have not experienced any form of violence or these specific types of violence. More worryingly, the odds of HIV testing among victims of these types of IPV and have confided with other people are lower than those who have never been a victim of IPV or those who have not confided being a victim of IPV. None of the associations of interest have a statistically significant result. Conclusions: Our results suggest that there is a need to further improve access to HIV testing services among victims of IPV by making tests for HIV and other STIs part of the standard of care for IPV victims. By doing so, we can meet the ‘first 90’ of the 90-90-90 UNAIDS targets.

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Female Genital Mutilation in Benin: Prevalence and Associated Factors Based on Data from the Demographic and Health Survey, 2011-2012

World Journal of Public Health ◽

10.11648/j.wjph.20190404.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

Alphonse Kpozehouen ◽

Yolaine Glele Ahanhanzo ◽

Elvyre Klikpo ◽

Colette Azandjame ◽

Alphonse Chabi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Survey ◽

Female Genital Mutilation ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Genital Mutilation ◽

Female Genital

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Experience of Intimate Partner Violence and Help-Seeking Behaviour among Women in Uganda

Psych ◽

10.3390/psych1010013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 182-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bishwajit Ghose ◽

Sanni Yaya

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Health Survey ◽

Alcohol Drinking ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Healthcare Use ◽

Help Seeking Behaviour ◽

Seeking Help

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is recognised as a fundamental violation of women’s human rights and a widespread phenomenon in Africa. Women’s low socioeconomic empowerment, cultural acceptability, and lack of social support exacerbate the health and psychosocial outcomes of IPV among African women. To date, there is no systematic research on IPV and its association with healthcare use among adult women in Uganda. Therefore, we conducted the present study on IPV among Ugandan women of childbearing age (15–49 years). Cross-sectional data on 7536 women were collected from the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS—Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2016). The objectives were to assess the predictors of IPV as well as help-seeking behaviour for victims of IPV. IPV was assessed by women’s experience of physical, emotional and sexual violence and healthcare use was assessed by self-reported medical visits during the last 12 months. Logistic regression methods were used to analyse the data. According to descriptive findings, which showed that more than half of the women reported experiencing any IPV (55.3%, 95%CI = 53.6, 57.0), emotional IPV (41.2%, 95%CI = 39.6, 42.8) was the most prevalent of all three categories, followed by physical (39.3%, 95%CI = 37.7, 40.9) and sexual IPV (22.0%, 95%CI = 20.7, 23.3). In the multivariate analysis, higher age, rural residence, religious background (non-Christian), ethnicity (Banyankore and Itseo), secondary/higher education and husband’s alcohol drinking habit were positively associated with women’s experience of IPV. Husband’s alcohol drinking was found to be a significant barrier to seeking help among those who experienced IPV. In conclusion, our findings suggest a noticeably high prevalence of IPV among Ugandan women. There are important sociodemographic and cultural patterns in the occurrence of IPV that need to be taken into account when designing intervention policies. Special attention should be given to women living with husbands/partners who drink alcohol, as this might increase their odds of experiencing IPV, as well as reduce the likelihood of seeking help.

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