The United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Program: Formulation of Standrds and Efforts at Their Implementation, (Procedural Aspects of International Law Serire No.20.) By Roger S. Clark. [Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvnia Press. 1994. ix + 331 pp. ISBN 0-8122-3269-0. £42·75]

1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-735
Author(s):  
Colin Warbrick
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Criminal Justice Program ◽  
Justice Program ◽  
The United Nations

Part IV Access to Protection and International Responsibility-Sharing, Ch.29 Smuggling of Migrants and Refugees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schloenhardt Andreas
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Refugee Law ◽  
The Subject ◽  
International Responsibility ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
International Refugee Law

This chapter focuses on the smuggling of migrants in the context of refugee movements, and examines the scope and application of international law pertaining to these phenomena. The principal binding global instrument on this topic is the United Nations Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air which, on the surface, coexists alongside international refugee law in situations where smuggled migrants are seeking asylum. Although the Smuggling of Migrants Protocol expressly recognizes the protection afforded to refugees under international law, its interpretation, operation, and implementation often run into conflict with the Refugee Convention. All too frequently, measures to prevent and combat the smuggling of migrants focus exclusively on law enforcement, criminal justice, and restrictive border measures without recognizing the rights of refugees, asylum seekers, and smuggled migrants, which are the subject of this chapter.

scholarly journals APUNCAC and the International Anti-Corruption Court (IACC)

Laws ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Stuart S. Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations

The draft Anticorruption Protocol to the United Nations Convention against Corruption (APUNCAC) seeks to implement aggressive measures to fight corruption and impunity, including United Nations inspectors who would conduct independent investigations into allegations of corruption and hand cases to dedicated domestic anticorruption courts. APUNCAC is designed to be a free-standing proposal. However, it could be combined with Judge Mark Wolf’s proposal for an International Anti-Corruption Court (IACC). An advantage of combining IACC + APUNCAC is that the combination defuses the key arguments against the IACC. This article reviews evidence suggesting that leaders of nations that currently experience endemic corruption might find it politically expedient to adopt the proposed reforms. The article discusses the advantages of combining IACC + APUNCAC. The combination would establish an independent corps of elite investigators, endow them with strong powers to conduct independent investigations, and enable them to refer cases to dedicated anticorruption courts staffed by judges vetted by the United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice. APUNCAC establishes mechanisms to ensure accountability of judges serving dedicated anticorruption courts. By addressing the key arguments against the IACC, the proposal to combine IACC + APUNCAC may enable broad public support in nations that would require public support in order to secure ratification.

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