Book IV Multilateral Diplomacy, Human Rights, and International Organizations, 17 Human Rights

Author(s):  
Clooney Amal

This chapter provides a general overview of international human rights law as well as the diplomat’s role in upholding human rights. Every State that is a member of the United Nations has made a commitment to uphold human rights. Today, a State’s human rights record is routinely scrutinized by the UN and in the media, and compliance with human rights obligations can define a State’s reputation and relations with other States. Diplomats are also increasingly involved in speaking out on behalf of their State about human rights abuses, whether or not these are committed against the State’s own citizens. They are also expected to respond to allegations of human rights abuses levelled against their government.

Author(s):  
Zafeiris Tsiftzis

A lot of attention has been paid by the international community to the responsibility of Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and to the prevention of human rights abuses committed their employees. The non-binding nature of the existing international initiatives with respect to PMSCs requests the human rights law to play a crucial role to the regulation of PMSCs and their employees during operations. This article examines the States' procedural obligation under international human rights law with regard to allegations of the right to life and the prohibition of torture. Moreover, it assesses the application of the jurisprudence of human rights bodies over the activities of PMSCs, whilst it focuses on the obligations of States to prevent and investigate human rights allegations committed by PMSCs' employees. Above all, this article advocates that human rights law has a significant role in the regulation of PMSCs and the prevention of the commission of human rights violations by PMSCs and their employees.


Impact ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Emi Sugawara

Businesses have a significant impact on the lives of their employees, consumers and local people, and it is important that their rights are protected. That is why there are laws in place to this effect. However, despite such laws, stakeholders' rights and freedoms are not always respected, and in some countries, these laws don't exist at all, which is why the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights addresses human rights abuses committed in global business operations. But there remains a gap between the theory and practice of business and human rights. Associate Professor Emi Sugawara, Osaka University of Economics and Law, Japan, is seeking to bridge this gap. To this end, her team of frontline researchers of international human rights is working to reassess clarity and effectiveness of international human rights law as 'norms of conduct' for companies through a theoretical consideration. Ultimately, the researchers want to fill knowledge gaps related to business and human rights and influence Japanese society, effecting positive change.


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