Optimal Nitrogen Management for Meeting Sustainable Development Goal 2

2020 ◽  
pp. 367-384
Author(s):  
Kshama Harpankar
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Innovation And Diffusion

Sustainable development goal 2 aims to “end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture.” SDG2 is one of the most challenging goals to achieve, as it needs to be achieved within the constraints of the multiple demands agriculture faces. The goal of this chapter is to discuss the roles that science, technology, and innovation (STI) can play in optimal nitrogen management as a way to meet sustainable development goal 2. Optimal nitrogen management will enhance food security by improving yields, and it will promote sustainable agriculture by limiting environmental externalities associated with nitrogen. Specifically, this chapter aims to address the following two questions: 1) How can new technologies help boost agricultural productivity while also reducing nitrogen pollution? And, 2) What policy and institutional changes will be needed to encourage innovation and diffusion of these technologies in developing countries? The authors present STI possibilities for improved nitrogen management in the following categories: new types of nitrogen fertilizers, integrated soil and fertility management technologies, precision agriculture technologies, technologies aiding biological nitrogen fixation, and biotechnology solutions. The chapter ends with a discussion of institutional and policy changes needed for widespread adoption of the technology options among resource-poor smallholder farmers.

scholarly journals Does smallholder farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2 improve household food security in the Northern Region of Ghana?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin Nantui Mabe ◽  
Eliasu Mumuni ◽  
Nashiru Sulemana
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Switching Regression ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Endogenous Switching Regression ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Household Food

Abstract Background Sustainable Development Goal 2 aims at ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture. Whilst some smallholder farmers are aware of this goal, others are not. The question that arises is whether or not awareness translates into food security. Therefore, this study assessed whether or not smallholder farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2 improves household food security in the Northern Region of Ghana. Methods The study used cross-sectional primary data collected from two districts and two municipalities in the region. An endogenous switching regression treatment effects model with ordered outcome was used to estimate the effects of smallholder farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2 on household food insecurity level. Results The age of household head, distance of households to the regional capital, membership of farmer-based organizations, access to e-extension, education, and ownership of radio are the key drivers of farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2. The results from the endogenous switching regression treatment effects model with ordered outcome showed that households who are aware of the second goal are more food secure than their counterparts. Conclusions It is therefore prudent for stakeholders promoting and championing Sustainable Development Goals to educate farmers on goal 2 as their awareness of the goal is critical to achieving food security.

scholarly journals Climate change: A threat towards achieving ‘Sustainable Development Goal number two’ (end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture) in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingirai S. Mugambiwa ◽  
Happy M. Tirivangasi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
The Impact

This article aims to assess the impacts of climate change towards the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal number two (SDG 2) as well as examining the poverty alleviation strategies by subsistence farmers in South Africa. Widespread hunger and poverty continue to be among the most life-threatening problems confronting mankind. Available statistics show that global poverty remains a serious challenge around the world. Across the globe, one in five people lives on less than $1 a day and one in seven suffers from chronic hunger. Similarly, the developing world is adversely affected by poverty and hunger. In the sub-Saharan Africa, research has revealed a higher prevalence of hunger, malnutrition, poverty and food insecurity. SDG 2 focuses more on eliminating hunger and promoting sustainable agriculture. The study employed an exploratory design and a qualitative method. Snowball sampling was used in selecting relevant sources which led the researchers to other research work on the same field through keywords and reference lists. The researchers employed discourse analysis to analyse data. The study discovered that there are numerous potential effects climate change could have on agriculture. It affects crop growth and quality and livestock health. Farming practices could also be affected as well as animals that could be raised in particular climatic areas. The impact of climate change as well as the susceptibility of poor communities is very immense. The article concludes that climate change reduces access to drinking water, negatively affects the health of people and poses a serious threat to food security.

scholarly journals Sustainable development goal 2: Improved targets and indicators for agriculture and food security

AMBIO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 685-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Dias Bernardes Gil ◽  
Pytrik Reidsma ◽  
Ken Giller ◽  
Lindsay Todman ◽  
Andrew Whitmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Agriculture And Food

The Role of Development-Focused Health Technology Assessment in Optimizing Science, Technology, and Innovation to Achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3

2020 ◽  
pp. 243-264
Author(s):  
Janet Bouttell ◽  
Eleanor Grieve ◽  
Neil Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation

Sustainable development goal 3 (SDG3) seeks to ensure health and well-being for all at every stage of life. It aims to bring about the end of some of the world’s major epidemics, enable access to essential health services and technologies, and calls for more research and development (R&D) on new medicines, diagnostics, and vaccines. This chapter outlines how science, technology, and innovation (STI) can contribute to the achievement of SDG3. The authors then explain what health technology assessment (HTA) is and show how it contributed to the achievement of health-related millenium development goals. Development-focused HTA is introduced, and the authors show how it can be used to improve decision-making regarding how and whether specific new technologies should be developed. The authors show how HTA analysis can potentially improve the return on investment in new technologies by improving the efficency of the research prioritization and development processes while ensuring the needs of vulnerable populations are met. This will ultimately increase the accessibility of affordable and effective health technologies. The chapter first examines the role STI may play in achieving SDG3, then defines HTA and distinguishes development-focused HTA from the more familiar use-focused form. The authors then look at analytic tools of development-focused HTA and how these may be applied in assessing technologies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Finally, a case study illustrates how some of these methods may be used to assess a proposed low-cost point-of-care diagnostic currently in development.

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