Huntington's Disease

Author(s):  
Oliver Quarrell

Huntington’s disease (HD)―the facts provides an overview of the condition aimed at families and carers understanding the condition. It describes the key features of: a movement disorder, disturbance of mood (affect), and problems with thinking (cognition) and behaviour. The movement problems of chorea, dystonia, and bradykinesia are explained but there is equal emphasis on depression impulsive behaviour and temper outbursts. Understanding the cause of these may help families cope better when they arise. The genetic change is discussed as is its effect on the protein huntingtin. Options for genetic testing of those at risk (predictive testing) as well as options for tests in pregnancy (prenatal diagnosis) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) are described. Currently treatment is symptomatic and supportive. There is a discussion of clinical trials in general and the current huntingtin lowering studies using anti-sense oligonucleotides (ASOs) in particular. The book also includes vignettes written by family members.

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Sampaio ◽  
Jamie Levey ◽  
Robert Klitzman

Author(s):  
Gerry Evers-Kiebooms ◽  
Kurt Nys ◽  
Peter S Harper ◽  
Moniek W Zoeteweij ◽  
Alexandra Dürr ◽  
...  

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Shannon ◽  
Jeffrey H. Kordower

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting motor function, personality, and cognition. This paper reviews the experimental data that demonstrate the potential for transplantation of fetal striatum and trophic factor secreting cells to serve as innovative treatment strategies for HD. Transplantation strategies have been effective in replacing lost neurons or preventing the degeneration of neurons destined to die in both rodent and nonhuman primate models of HD. In this regard, a logical series of investigations has proven that grafts of fetal striatum survive, reinnervate the host, and restore function impaired following excitotoxic lesions of the striatum. Furthermore, transplants of cells genetically modified to secrete trophic factors such as nerve growth factor protect striatal neurons from degeneration due to excitotoxicity or mitochondrial dysfunction. Given the disabling and progressive nature of HD, coupled with the absence of any meaningful medical therapy, it is reasonable to consider clinical trials of neural transplantation for this disease. Fetal striatal implants will most likely be the first transplant strategy attempted for HD. This paper describes the variable parameters we believe to be critical for consideration for the design of clinical trials using fetal striatal implants for the treatment of HD.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe B. Rodrigues ◽  
Joaquim J. Ferreira ◽  
Edward J. Wild

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
Oliver Quarrell

This chapter focuses on aspects of genetic counselling for those at 50 per cent risk for Huntington’s disease (HD). There are various options including not being tested. Predictive testing for HD is described together with some perspectives from patients. There are four types of results from a predictive test: normal, intermediate allele, reduced penetrance, and abnormal. The implications of these are discussed. Options regarding testing in pregnancy are discussed which include: no testing and accepting a risk, invasive tests such as chorion villus sampling or amniocentesis and preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Finally, the issue of testing someone at 25 per cent risk is discussed.


Author(s):  
Oliver W. Quarrell ◽  
Angus J. Clarke ◽  
Cecilia Compton ◽  
Christine E.M. de Die-Smulders ◽  
Alan Fryer ◽  
...  

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