Increased Muscle Activity During Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Correlates with Decrease of Striatal Presynaptic Dopamine Transporters. IPT and IBZM SPECT Imaging in Subclinical and Clinically Manifest Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder, Parkinson's Disease, and Controls

ABSTRACT:Background:Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and REM sleep without atonia (RWA) have assumed much clinical importance with long-term data showing progression into neurodegenerative conditions among older adults. However, much less is known about RBD and RWA in younger populations. This study aims at comparing clinical and polysomnographic (PSG) characteristics of young patients presenting with RBD, young patients with other neurological conditions, and normal age-matched subjects.Methods:A retrospective chart review was carried out for consecutive young patients (<25 years) presenting with clinical features of RBD; and data were compared to data from patients with epilepsy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism, as well as normal subjects who underwent PSG during a 2-year-period.Results:Twelve patients fulfilling RBD diagnostic criteria, 22 autism patients, 10 with ADHD, 30 with epilepsy, and 14 normal subjects were included. Eight patients with autism (30%), three with ADHD (30%), one with epilepsy (3.3%), and six patients who had presented with RBD like symptoms (50%) had abnormal movements and behaviors during REM sleep. Excessive transient muscle activity and/or sustained muscle activity during REM epochs was found in all patients who had presented with RBD, in 16/22 (72%) autistic patients, 6/10 (60%) ADHD patients compared to only 6/30 (20%) patients with epilepsy and in none of the normal subjects.Conclusion:We observed that a large percentage of young patients with autism and ADHD and some with epilepsy demonstrate loss of REM-associated atonia and some RBD-like behaviors on polysomnography similar to young patients presenting with RBD.

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0650 Normative EMG Values and Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Without Atonia Frequency in Adults without REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsz067.648 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A259-A259

Author(s):

John C Feemster ◽

Jessica Jung ◽

Paul C Timm ◽

Sarah M Westerland ◽

Thomas Gossard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eye Movement ◽

Rem Sleep ◽

Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽

Behavior Disorder ◽

Rapid Eye Movement ◽

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep ◽

Sleep Behavior

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Correlations with REM sleep behavior disorder severity in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorders patients

International Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.1080/00207454.2021.2019034 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Sang Jin Kim ◽

Eun Ju Chung ◽

Ki-Hwan Ji ◽

Mi-Ri Kang ◽

Jin Yong Hong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eye Movement ◽

Rem Sleep ◽

Behavior Disorders ◽

Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽

Behavior Disorder ◽

Rapid Eye Movement ◽

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep ◽

Sleep Behavior

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Motor dyscontrol in narcolepsy: Rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep without atonia and REM sleep behavior disorder

Annals of Neurology ◽

10.1002/ana.410320103 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 3-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 192

Author(s):

Carlos H. Schenck ◽

Mark W. Mahowald

Keyword(s):

Eye Movement ◽

Rem Sleep ◽

Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽

Behavior Disorder ◽

Rapid Eye Movement ◽

Sleep Behavior ◽

Rem Sleep Without Atonia

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REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) in Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB)

Behavioural Neurology ◽

10.1155/2018/9421098 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Po-Chi Chan ◽

Hsun-Hua Lee ◽

Chien-Tai Hong ◽

Chaur-Jong Hu ◽

Dean Wu

Keyword(s):

Eye Movement ◽

Rem Sleep ◽

Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Lewy Bodies ◽

Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽

Behavior Disorder ◽

Rapid Eye Movement ◽

Sleep Behavior ◽

Neurologic Disorders

Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia, with abnormal dream-enacting behavior during the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. RBD is either idiopathic or secondary to other neurologic disorders and medications. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the third most common cause of dementia, and the typical clinical presentation is rapidly progressive cognitive impairment. RBD is one of the core features of DLB and may occur either in advance or simultaneously with the onset of DLB. The association between RBD with DLB is widely studied. Evidences suggest that both DLB and RBD are possibly caused by the shared underlying synucleinopathy. This review article discusses history, clinical manifestations, possible pathophysiologies, and treatment of DLB and RBD and provides the latest updates.

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Smaller pineal gland is associated with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in Alzheimer’s disease

10.21203/rs.3.rs-56077/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jeongbin Park ◽

Seung Wan Suh ◽

Grace Eun Kim ◽

Subin Lee ◽

Jun Sung Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pineal Gland ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Rem Sleep ◽

Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽

Lewy Bodies ◽

Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽

Behavior Disorder ◽

Rapid Eye Movement ◽

Sleep Behavior ◽

Gland Volume

Abstract Background: To investigate the association between pineal gland volume and symptoms of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients without any feature of dementia with Lewy bodies.Methods: We enrolled 296 community-dwelling probable AD patients who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for possible or probable dementia with Lewy bodies. Among them, 93 were amyloid beta (Aβ) positive on 18F-florbetaben amyloid brain positron emission tomography. We measured RBD symptoms using the REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ) and defined probable RBD (pRBD) as the RBDSQ of 5 or higher. We manually segmented pineal gland on 3T structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging.Results: The participants with pRBD had smaller pineal parenchyma volume (VPP) than those without pRBD (p < 0.001). The smaller the VPP, the more severe the RBD symptoms (p < 0.001). VPP was inversely associated with risk of prevalent pRBD (odds ratio = 0.909, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.878–0.942, p < 0.001). Area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for pRBD of VPP was 0.80 (95% CI = 0.750–0.844, p < 0.0001). These results were not changed when we analyzed the 93 participants with Aβ-positive AD separately.Conclusions: In AD patients, reduced pineal gland volume may be associated with RBD.

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Nonrapid eye movement sleep electroencephalographic oscillations in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a study of sleep spindles and slow oscillations

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa160 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jun-Sang Sunwoo ◽

Kwang Su Cha ◽

Jung-Ick Byun ◽

Jin-Sun Jun ◽

Tae-Joon Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eye Movement ◽

Rem Sleep ◽

Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽

Behavior Disorder ◽

Nrem Sleep ◽

Sleep Spindles ◽

Rapid Eye Movement ◽

Sleep Behavior ◽

Slow Oscillations ◽

Lower Amplitude

Abstract Study Objectives We investigated electroencephalographic (EEG) slow oscillations (SOs), sleep spindles (SSs), and their temporal coordination during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). Methods We analyzed 16 patients with video-polysomnography-confirmed iRBD (age, 65.4 ± 6.6 years; male, 87.5%) and 10 controls (age, 62.3 ± 7.5 years; male, 70%). SSs and SOs were automatically detected during stage N2 and N3. We analyzed their characteristics, including density, frequency, duration, and amplitude. We additionally identified SO-locked spindles and examined their phase distribution and phase locking with the corresponding SO. For inter-group comparisons, we used the independent samples t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test, as appropriate. Results The SOs of iRBD patients had significantly lower amplitude, longer duration (p = 0.005 for both), and shallower slope (p < 0.001) than those of controls. The SS power of iRBD patients was significantly lower than that of controls (p = 0.002), although spindle density did not differ significantly. Furthermore, SO-locked spindles of iRBD patients prematurely occurred during the down-to-up-state transition of SOs, whereas those of controls occurred at the up-state peak of SOs (p = 0.009). The phase of SO-locked spindles showed a positive correlation with delayed recall subscores (p = 0.005) but not with tonic or phasic electromyography activity during REM sleep. Conclusions In this study, we found abnormal EEG oscillations during NREM sleep in patients with iRBD. The impaired temporal coupling between SOs and SSs may reflect early neurodegenerative changes in iRBD.

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