scholarly journals STOPPING A CONTINUOUS MOVEMENT: A NOVEL APPROACH TO INVESTIGATING MOTOR CONTROL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey E Schultz ◽  
Dominique C Denning ◽  
Vanessa Hufnagel ◽  
Nicole C Swann
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Task Design ◽  
Direct Measure ◽  
Motor Programs ◽  
Stop Task ◽  
Continuous Movement ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Precise Quantification ◽  
Measured Speed

Flexible, adaptive behavior is critically dependent on inhibitory control. For example, if you suddenly notice you are about to step on a tack and would prefer not to, the ability to halt your ongoing movement is critical. To address limitations in existing approaches for studying your ability to rapidly terminate your movement ('stopping'), we developed a novel stop task. This task requires termination of ongoing motor programs, provides a direct measure of SSRT, and allows for comparison of the same behavior (stopping) in conditions that elicit either prepared or reactive inhibitory control. Here, we present and evaluate our novel Continuous Movement Stop Task (CMST). We examined several versions of the task in a total of 49 participants. Our data reveal that the CMST is effectively able to dissociate stopping behavior between the planned and unplanned conditions. Additionally, within the subset of participants for which we measured speed, we found that participants initiated stopping (with respect to the stop signal) significantly earlier on planned stop compared to unplanned stop trials. Finally, participants took longer to arrive at full motor arrest (i.e. SSRT) following stop initiation on planned than on unplanned stop trials. This novel task design will enable a more precise quantification of stopping behavior and, in conjunction with neuroscientific methods, could provide more rigorous characterization of brain networks underlying stopping.

scholarly journals Application of Innovative TGA/Chemometric Approach for Forensic Purposes: The Estimation of the Time since Death in Contaminated Specimens

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Roberta Risoluti ◽  
Giuseppina Gullifa ◽  
Vittorio Fineschi ◽  
Paola Frati ◽  
Stefano Materazzi
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Vitreous Humor ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Time Since Death ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Chemometric Approach ◽  
Postmortem Examinations

Chronothanatology has always been a challenge in forensic sciences. Therefore, the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for the characterization of matrices (organs, tissues, or fluids) that respond linearly to the postmortem interval (PMI) is emerging increasingly. The vitreous humor is particularly suitable for studies aimed at assessing time-related modifications because it is topographically isolated and well-protected. In this work, a novel approach based on thermogravimetry and chemometrics was used to estimate the time since death in the vitreous humor and to collect a databank of samples derived from postmortem examinations after medico–legal evaluation. In this study, contaminated and uncontaminated specimens with tissue fragments were included in order to develop a classification model to predict time of death based on partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) that was as robust as possible. Results demonstrate the possibility to correctly predict the PMI even in contaminated samples, with an accuracy not lower than 70%. In addition, the correlation coefficient of the measured versus predicted outcomes was found to be 0.9978, confirming the ability of the model to extend its feasibility even to such situations involving contaminated vitreous humor.

3D crustal-scale structure of the West Iberia margin: a novel approach to integrated structural characterization of passive margins

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Granado ◽  
Alfonso Muñoz-Martín ◽  
Antonio J. Olaiz ◽  
Oscar Fernández ◽  
María Druet
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
The West ◽  
Passive Margins ◽  
Novel Approach

scholarly journals Generation and characterization of antibodies specific for caspase-cleaved neo-epitopes: a novel approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. e205-e205 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Ai ◽  
B Butts ◽  
K Vora ◽  
W Li ◽  
C Tache-Talmadge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Novel Approach

scholarly journals Automated mineralogy as a novel approach for the compositional and textural characterization of spent lithium-ion batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 106924
Author(s):  
Anna Vanderbruggen ◽  
Eligiusz Gugala ◽  
Rosie Blannin ◽  
Kai Bachmann ◽  
Rodrigo Serna-Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Textural Characterization ◽  
Automated Mineralogy

scholarly journals A Novel Approach for investigation of Morphological and Biochemical Characterization of Sunflower through different treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
  Ebadet Ali ◽  
Syed Asad Raza Shah Naqvi ◽  
Asif Ali ◽  
Hafiza Maria Mahmood ◽  
Maria Rafiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Novel Approach

A new approach to characterization of the transition temperatures of thin film NiTi shape memory alloys

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1762-1767
Author(s):  
Nicholas W. Botterill ◽  
David M. Grant ◽  
Jianxin Zhang ◽  
Clive J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Niti Shape Memory Alloys

A novel approach in determining the transition temperatures of NiTi shape memory alloys was investigated and compared with conventional techniques. The technique is based on microthemal analysis using a scanning thermal microscope (SThM). In particular, this method has the potential to allow the transformation temperatures of thin films to be investigated in situ. Thin film shape memory alloys have potential applications, such as microactuators, where conventional analysis techniques are either not directly applicable to such samples or are difficult to perform.

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