The HL-LHC Short Model Recombination D2 Dipole: Cold Test Results and Analysis

Background: The pulp tissue is confined within hard tissue boundaries and cannot be examined directly for health evaluation. Hence, its assessment is usually based on sensibility tests. Accurate diagnosis of the pulpal status requires evaluation with combination of sensibility tests. The objective of this study was to assess the mutual agreement between the electric pulp test and cold test in determining pulp vitality. Methods: Total 106 patients, aged 18 to 30 years, attending the dental OPD of Operative Dentistry/Endodontics department; Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ibad Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Karachi were selected for the study. The cold and electric pulp tests were used to determine the presence or absence of tingling sensation. Teeth were marked as vital in presence and non-vital in absence of any tingling or painful response. Agreement between these two tests was calculated using SPSS-18. To calculate the mean and standard deviation, descriptive statistics were applied for quantitative variables. For qualitative variables, frequencies and percentages were calculated. Kappa statistics was applied for agreement between electric pulp and cold test. Results: The cold test showed that 70.8% of the teeth were vital and 29.2% were necrotic. The electrical pulp test showed that 74.5% were vital and 25.5% were necrotic. The outcome showed 83.0% agreement between the tests; with kappa value of 0.574 which provided sufficient agreement with p-value=0.000. Conclusion: There was a high agreement found between the cold test and electric pulp test. Assessment of pulp vitality would be more accurate when EPT and Endo frost are used in combination.

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Design, fabrication and cold-test results of a 3.6 cell C-band photocathode RF gun for SXFEL

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment ◽

10.1016/j.nima.2021.165320 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 165320

Author(s):

Lin Wang ◽

Wencheng Fang ◽

Jianhao Tan ◽

Xiaoxia Huang ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Test ◽

Test Results ◽

Photocathode Rf Gun ◽

Rf Gun

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Diffraction Radiation Oscillator with Asymmetric Open Resonant System. Part I. Cold Test Results of Open Resonant System

Journal of Nano- and Electronic Physics ◽

10.21272/jnep.8(2).02033 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 02033-1-02033-7

Author(s):

V. S. Miroshnichenko ◽

◽

I. O. Kovalov ◽

Keyword(s):

Cold Test ◽

Diffraction Radiation ◽

Test Results ◽

Resonant System ◽

Radiation Oscillator ◽

Diffraction Radiation Oscillator ◽

System Part

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Design, fabrication, and cold-test results of C-band spherical RF pulse compressor prototype

Radiation Detection Technology and Methods ◽

10.1007/s41605-019-0100-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zong-Bin Li ◽

Wen-Cheng Fang ◽

Qiang Gu ◽

Jian-Hao Tan ◽

Xiao-Xia Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Test ◽

Test Results ◽

Pulse Compressor ◽

Rf Pulse

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A diplexer for gigawatt class high power microwaves

Laser and Particle Beams ◽

10.1017/s0263034608000384 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 371-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

G. L. Li ◽

C. W. Yuan ◽

J. Y. Zhang ◽

T. Shu ◽

J. Zhang

Keyword(s):

High Power ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Cold Test ◽

Test Results ◽

High Power Microwave ◽

Novel Structure ◽

X Band ◽

Microwave Breakdown ◽

Final Design ◽

L Band

AbstractWith the rapid development of high power microwave (HPM) technologies, HPM devices with several output frequencies are becoming more and more attractive. Diplexer is a microwave device with two output frequencies, here, an L/X band diplexer with novel structure is tried to be employed in the HPM system. In order to obtain the same radiation direction for the L and X band microwaves in the diplexer, the reflection of L band microwaves and transmission of X band microwaves are realized by an array of irises. To obtain the required performance, the width and thickness of the irises and the distance between them should be well chosen. The diplexer is investigated through theoretical analysis and numerical computation, and the final design described in this work, is the result of an overall optimization process. In simulation, both the reflectivities of L-band microwaves and the transmissivities of X band microwaves reach 99.5%, and the power handling capacity of the diplexer is higher than 5.6 gigawatt (GW). Then, the L/X band diplexer is designed and fabricated according to the optimized results. After that, a series of experiments are carried out to test the diplexer. The cold test results show that the reflectivities of L band microwaves are as high as 97.5%, and the transmissivities of X band microwaves are up to 98.8%, and the acquired radiation patterns show that the designed diplexer is suitable for the diplexing of L/X band microwaves, in a word, the cold test results of the diplexer are in good agreement with the simulational results. In the end, the diplexer is tested with GW class HPMs. The radiated HPMs have little change in the pulse duration and magnitude with the diplexer applied, that is to say, there is no microwave breakdown during the HPM reflection and transmission.

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Analysis of Reasons for Non-Conformance of the Movable Latch Lock Plunger Releasing Current of Control Rod Drive Mechanism and Improvement Measures

Volume 2: Plant Systems, Structures, Components and Materials ◽

10.1115/icone25-67878 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Yinhui Lan ◽

Cuizhu He ◽

Yuangang Duan ◽

Feihua Liu

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Performance Test ◽

Cold Test ◽

Test Results ◽

Suction Force ◽

Control Rod ◽

Drive Mechanism ◽

Hot Test

As one of the most important equipment for reactivity control, Control Rod Drive Mechanism (CRDM), which is widely used in pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plant, has a series of important security functions. As an important component of the claw part in CRDM, the nonmagnetic shim materials have big influence on the movable latch lock plunger releasing current of CRDM. When cutting off the coil power, the nonmagnetic shim materials can block the magnetic circuit between the pole and latch lock plunger effectively and reduce the remanence suction force between magnetic pole and latch lock plunger, which can promote a quick latch lock plunger’s action and finish the step-jump and rod-release. In this paper, we introduce the background of non-conformance of the movable latch lock plunger releasing current of CRDM of PWR plant simply, and then we analyze the reasons of the non-conformance in detail, including a comprehensive analysis of various factors and a series of retest conclusions. Through specific analysis, the important role of nonmagnetic shims in CRDM and its big influence on movable latch lock plunger releasing current are proved. Based on research and test results, we show our optimized measures on the movable latch lock plunger releasing current in detail, from the perspective of technical specification for raw materials and improved processing technology during production. At last, one latch unit which occurred the movable latch lock plunger releasing current non-conformance and experienced a 1.7 million steps performance test is used in the following performance verification test. Being installed in this latch mechanism, our nonmagnetic shims finished an integral series of cold test, hot test and cold test after hot test. All of the test results meet our design requirements and all of the releasing current under cold condition is better than the results of 1.7 million steps performance test. Especially, the independently developed nonmagnetic shims improved the movable latch lock plunger releasing current significantly. In addition, other current results of hot test are equal to that of 1.7 million steps performance test. In conclusion, these optimized measures may not only provide data for solving the problem completely, but also provide reference for the manufacture of nonmagnetic shim materials in the future nuclear power plant.

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