Concept cells in the human hippocampus encode the meaning conveyed by stimuli over their perceptual aspects. Here we investigate whether analogous cells in the macaque can form conceptual schemas of spatial environments. Each day, monkeys were presented with a familiar and a novel virtual maze, sharing a common schema but differing by surface features (landmarks). In both environments, animals searched for a hidden reward goal only defined in relation to landmarks. With learning, many neurons developed a firing map integrating goal-centered and task-related information of the novel maze that matched that for the familiar maze. Thus, these hippocampal cells abstract the spatial concepts from the superficial details of the environment and encode space into a schema-like representation.
This paper presents a Multiagent System (SMA) that controls the morphological status of the graphical user in a 3D virtual world where interaction takes place between the user and the system. The agents of this system can sense the 3D virtual world and represent the result of the deliberation of the SMA in the virtual world.
Hippocampal activation and memory performance in schizophrenia depend on strategy use in a virtual maze