scholarly journals Identification and distribution of pathogens coinfecting with Brucella spp., Coxiella burnetii and Rift Valley fever virus in humans, livestock and wildlife

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl A. Middlebrook ◽  
Alicia T. Romero ◽  
Bernard Bett ◽  
Daniel Nthiwa ◽  
Samuel O. Oyola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Valley Fever

scholarly journals Serological evidence of single and mixed infections of Rift Valley fever virus, Brucella spp. and Coxiella burnetii in dromedary camels in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0009275
Author(s):  
Mathew Muturi ◽  
James Akoko ◽  
Daniel Nthiwa ◽  
Bernard Chege ◽  
Richard Nyamota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Zoonotic Infections

Camels are increasingly becoming the livestock of choice for pastoralists reeling from effects of climate change in semi-arid and arid parts of Kenya. As the population of camels rises, better understanding of their role in the epidemiology of zoonotic diseases in Kenya is a public health priority. Rift Valley fever (RVF), brucellosis and Q fever are three of the top priority diseases in the country but the involvement of camels in the transmission dynamics of these diseases is poorly understood. We analyzed 120 camel serum samples from northern Kenya to establish seropositivity rates of the three pathogens and to characterize the infecting Brucella species using molecular assays. We found seropositivity of 24.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.5–31.8%) for Brucella, 20.8% (95% CI: 13.6–28.1%) and 14.2% (95% CI: 7.9–20.4%) for Coxiella burnetii and Rift valley fever virus respectively. We found 27.5% (95% CI: 19.5–35.5%) of the animals were seropositive for at least one pathogen and 13.3% (95% CI: 7.2–19.4%) were seropositive for at least two pathogens. B. melitensis was the only Brucella spp. detected. The high sero-positivity rates are indicative of the endemicity of these pathogens among camel populations and the possible role the species has in the epidemiology of zoonotic diseases. Considering the strong association between human infection and contact with livestock for most zoonotic infections in Kenya, there is immediate need to conduct further research to determine the role of camels in transmission of these zoonoses to other livestock species and humans. This information will be useful for designing more effective surveillance systems and intervention measures.

Efficacy of Coxiella burnetii and its chloroform-methanol residue (CMR) fraction against Rift Valley fever virus infection in mice

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 137-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menachem Zvilich ◽  
Jim C. Williams ◽  
David Waag ◽  
Wayne R. Rill ◽  
Paul Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

Complement fixation reaction of Rift Valley fever virus

1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Minoru MATSUMOTO ◽  
Saburo IWASA ◽  
Motosige ENDO
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Fixation Reaction

scholarly journals The Use of Nanotrap Particles in the Enhanced Detection of Rift Valley Fever Virus Nucleoprotein

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0128215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazly Shafagati ◽  
Lindsay Lundberg ◽  
Alan Baer ◽  
Alexis Patanarut ◽  
Katherine Fite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Valley Fever

scholarly journals Production of small ruminant morbillivirus, rift valley fever virus and lumpy skin disease virus in CelCradle™ -500A bioreactors

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima Rhazi ◽  
Najete Safini ◽  
Karima Mikou ◽  
Meryeme Alhyane ◽  
Khalid Omari Tadlaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽  
Cell Factories

Abstract Background Animal vaccination is an important way to stop the spread of diseases causing immense damage to livestock and economic losses and the potential transmission to humans. Therefore effective method for vaccine production using simple and inexpensive bioprocessing solutions is very essential. Conventional culture systems currently in use, tend to be uneconomic in terms of labor and time involved. Besides, they offer a limited surface area for growth of cells. In this study, the CelCradle™-500A was evaluated as an alternative to replace conventional culture systems in use such as Cell factories for the production of viral vaccines against small ruminant morbillivirus (PPR), rift valley fever virus (RVF) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSD). Results Two types of cells Vero and primary Lamb Testis cells were used to produce these viruses. The study was done in 2 phases as a) optimization of cell growth and b) virus cultivation. Vero cells could be grown to significantly higher cell densities of 3.04 × 109 using the CelCradle™-500A with a shorter doubling time as compared to 9.45 × 108 cells in Cell factories. This represents a 19 fold increase in cell numbers as compared to seeding vs only 3.7 fold in Cell factories. LT cells achieved modestly higher cell densities of 6.7 × 108 as compared to 6.3 × 108 in Cell factories. The fold change in densities for these cells was 3 fold in the CelCradle™-500A vs 2.5 fold in Cell factories. The titers in the conventional system and the bioreactor were not significantly different. However, the Cell-specific virus yield for rift valley fever virus and lumpy skin disease virus are higher (25 virions/cell for rift valley fever virus, and 21.9 virions/cell for lumpy skin disease virus versus 19.9 virions/cell for rift valley fever virus and 10 virions/cell for lumpy skin disease virus). Conclusions This work represents a novel study for primary lamb testis cell culture in CellCradle™-500A bioreactors. In addition, on account of the high cell densities obtained and the linear scalability the titers could be further optimized using other culture process such us perfusion.

scholarly journals Attenuation and efficacy of live-attenuated Rift Valley fever virus vaccine candidates in non-human primates

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0006474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darci R. Smith ◽  
Sara C. Johnston ◽  
Ashley Piper ◽  
Miriam Botto ◽  
Ginger Donnelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Vaccine Candidates
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