Heat Transfer from Aluminum to He II—Application to Superconductive Magnetic Energy Storage

Heat transfer problems associated with large scale Superconductive Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) are unique due to the proposed size of a unit. The Wisconsin design consists of a cryogenically stable magnet cooled with He II at 1.8 K. The special properties of He II (T <2.17 K) provide an excellent heat transfer medium for magnet stability. Design values are determined from an experimental study of heat transfer from aluminum to He II. Under near saturated conditions we observe a maximum surface heat flux of 1.7 W/cm2 at 1.91 K and a recovery at 0.7 W/cm2. The advantages of operating the magnet under subcooled conditions are exemplified by improved heat transfer. The maximum at 1.89 K and 1.3 atm pressure is 2.3 W/cm2 with recovery enhanced to 1.9 W/cm2. A conservative maximum heat flux of 0.5 W/cm2 with an associated temperature difference of 0.5 K has been chosen for design. Elements of the experimental study as well as the design will be discussed.

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Development of design for large scale conductors and coils using MgB2 for superconducting magnetic energy storage device

Cryogenics ◽

10.1016/j.cryogenics.2018.10.006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 ◽

pp. 75-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tsuyoshi Yagai ◽

Sinya Mizuno ◽

Toru Okubo ◽

Sora Mizuochi ◽

Masahiro Kamibayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Storage ◽

Large Scale ◽

Magnetic Energy ◽

Storage Device ◽

Energy Storage Device ◽

Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage ◽

Magnetic Energy Storage

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Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage and Other Large-Scale SDI Cryogenic Applications Programs

Advances in Cryogenic Engineering ◽

10.1007/978-1-4613-0639-9_65 ◽

1990 ◽

pp. 555-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Richard L. Verga

Keyword(s):

Energy Storage ◽

Large Scale ◽

Magnetic Energy ◽

Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage ◽

Magnetic Energy Storage

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CRYOGENIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR LARGE SCALE SUPERCONDUCTIVE MAGNETIC ENERGY STORAGE (SMES)

Proceedings of the Twelfth International Cryogenic Engineering Conference Southampton, UK, 12–15 July 1988 ◽

10.1016/b978-0-408-01259-1.50137-6 ◽

1988 ◽

pp. 704-708 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G.E. McIntosh ◽

R.W. Boom ◽

Y.M. Eyssa ◽

X. Huang

Keyword(s):

Energy Storage ◽

Large Scale ◽

Magnetic Energy ◽

Magnetic Energy Storage

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Experimental study of power system stabilization by superconducting magnetic energy storage

IEEE Transactions on Magnetics ◽

10.1109/tmag.1983.1062452 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 350-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

T. Shintomi ◽

M. Masuda ◽

T. Ishikawa ◽

S. Akita ◽

T. Tanaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Energy Storage ◽

Power System ◽

Magnetic Energy ◽

Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage ◽

Magnetic Energy Storage

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Measurements of Heat Transfer to a Massive Cylindrical Calorimeter Engulfed in a Circular Pool Fire

Journal of Heat Transfer ◽

10.1115/1.1527905 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 125 (1) ◽

pp. 110-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. Alex Kramer ◽

Miles Greiner ◽

J. A. Koski ◽

Carlos Lopez ◽

Ahti Suo-Anttila

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Heat Flux ◽

Large Scale ◽

Pool Fire ◽

Test Facility ◽

Windward Side ◽

Leeward Side ◽

Emissive Power ◽

Maximum Heat ◽

Initial Flame

A large-scale experiment was performed to measure heat transfer to a massive cylindrical calorimeter engulfed in a 30 minute circular-pool fire. This test simulated the conditions of a truck-sized nuclear waste transport package in a severe fire. The calorimeter inner surface temperature and the flame environment emissive power were measured at several locations as functions of time. An inverse heat conduction technique was used to estimate the net heat flux to the calorimeter. Tall porous fences surrounded the test facility to reduce the effect of wind on the fire. Outside the fences, 2.9 m/s winds blew across the calorimeter axis at the beginning of the test but decreased with time. The wind tilted and moved the fire so that the initial flame environment emissive power was substantially less on the windward side than the leeward side. The calorimeter became more uniformly engulfed as the winds decreased. The maximum heat flux to the calorimeter was 150 MW/m2 on the leeward side at the beginning of the fire, and generally decreased with time. The local variations of calorimeter temperature and heat flux were closely related to the local flame environment emissive power.

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