Participation of Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Released via Axon Reflex in the Local Increase in Muscle Blood Flow following Manual Acupuncture

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Shinbara ◽  
Masamichi Okubo ◽  
Keisaku Kimura ◽  
Kunio Mizunuma ◽  
Eiji Sumiya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Manual Acupuncture ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Axon Reflex ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Local Increase ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Calcitonin Gene

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine how calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) via axon reflex participates in increasing local muscle blood flow (MBF) following manual acupuncture (MA). Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats (N=56, 270–350 g) were used. We examined (1) the effects of MA on MBF in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in normal rats; (2) the effects of MA on MBF in the TA injected with saline or hCGRP8-37 (low: 2×10−4 mol/litre; high: 2×10−3 mol/litre), a competitive CGRP receptor antagonist, in rats; and (3) the effects of MA on MBF in the TA in capsaicin-treated rats. The capsaicin-treated rats were injected with capsaicin dissolved in an ethanol solution within 24 h after birth (50 mg/kg subcutaneously). MA was applied to the right TA for 1 min. 51Cr-labelled microspheres (15 μm in diameter) were used to measure MBF. Results MA significantly increased MBF without changing arterial blood pressure in normal rats (p<0.05). MA also significantly increased MBF in saline-injected, low hCGRP8-37-injected and high hCGRP8-37-injected rats (p<0.001, 005 and 0.05, respectively). The increases in low and high hCGRP8-37-injected rats were lower than those in saline-injected rats, but the difference was not significant. However, MA did not significantly increase MBF in capsaicin-treated rats (p=0.38). Conclusions We obtained conflicting results, suggesting that the participation of CGRP released via axon reflex may be limited to a local increase in MBF following MA.

Effects of Manual Acupuncture with Sparrow Pecking on Muscle Blood Flow of Normal and Denervated Hindlimb in Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Shinbara ◽  
Masamichi Okubo ◽  
Eiji Sumiya ◽  
Fumihiko Fukuda ◽  
Tadashi Yano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Manual Acupuncture ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Axon Reflex ◽  
Hindlimb Muscles ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Right

Introduction In clinical practice, it has been thought that acupuncture might serve to wash out pain-generating metabolic end-products by improving blood circulation in muscles. We investigated the effects of manual acupuncture (MA) on muscle blood flow (MBF) of normal and denervated hindlimbs in rats. Method Sprague-Dawley rats (n=100) anaesthetised with urethane (1.2g/kg ip) were used. Manual acupuncture with sparrow pecking (SP) at different doses (1, 10 or 30 pecks) was given to the right ventral hindlimb muscles (tibial anterior and extensor digitorum longus muscles) or the right dorsal hindlimb muscles (gastrocnemius, plantaris and soleus muscles). MBF with or without MA was measured using the radiolabelled microsphere technique. The blood pressure was recorded through the right common carotid artery until MBF measurement started. Denervation of hindlimb was conducted by cutting the sciatic and femoral nerves. Results In normal rats, significantly increased MBF after MA were observed only in muscles which were penetrated by an acupuncture needle. The size of the increase depended on the number of times of pecking and seemed to be sustained at least until 60 minutes after MA. However, the increase was observed after both acute and chronic denervation. On the other hand, the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) did not change significantly before, during or after MA. Conclusion These results suggest that MA could increase muscle blood flow locally in a dose-dependent manner and that this increase may be caused by local vasodilators, as well as the axon reflex. A further study is needed to elucidate the mechanism.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of calcitonin gene-related peptide-induced increases of pulmonary blood flow in fetal sheep

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (4) ◽  
pp. H1654-H1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Takahashi ◽  
Maartje De Vroomen ◽  
Christine Roman ◽  
Michael A. Heymann
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Flow Transducer ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene

Fetal pulmonary blood flow is regulated by various vasoactive substances. One, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), increases pulmonary blood flow. We examined four key physiological mechanisms underlying this response using the blocker drugs CGRP receptor blocker (CGRP8–37), nitric oxide synthase inhibitor [ N ω-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA)], adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium (KATP) channel blocker (glibenclamide), and cyclooxygenase inhibitor (indomethacin) in 17 near-term fetal sheep. Catheters were placed in the left (LPA) and main pulmonary arteries, and an ultrasonic flow transducer was placed around the LPA to measure flow continuously. CGRP was injected directly into the LPA (mean 1.02 μg/kg) before and after blockade, and responses to CGRP were statistically compared. Before blockade, CGRP increased LPA blood flow from 23 ± 25 to 145 ± 77 ml/min (means ± SD), and these increases were significantly attenuated by CGRP8–37( n = 6; 91% inhibition), l-NNA ( n = 6; 86% inhibition), and glibenclamide ( n = 6; 69% inhibition). No significant changes were found with indomethacin ( n = 6; 4% inhibition). Thus, in the fetal pulmonary circulation, CGRP increases pulmonary blood flow not only through its specific receptor but also, in part, through nitric oxide release and KATP channel activation.

scholarly journals High‐dose phenylephrine increases meningeal blood flow through TRPV1 receptor activation and release of calcitonin gene‐related peptide

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Dux ◽  
Alexandru Babes ◽  
Jessica Manchen ◽  
Julika Sertel‐Nakajima ◽  
Birgit Vogler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Trpv1 Receptor ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Meningeal Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Through

Contribution of Adenosine to the Increase in Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow Caused by Manual Acupuncture in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Shinbara ◽  
Satomi Nagaoka ◽  
Yasuyuki Izutani ◽  
Masamichi Okubo ◽  
Keisaku Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Acupuncture Analgesia ◽  
Manual Acupuncture ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Adenosine Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Below The Knee ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Background and aim Adenosine is believed to play an important role in local acupuncture analgesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of adenosine to the increase in skeletal muscle blood flow (MBF) caused by manual acupuncture (MA). Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats (310–360 g) were anaesthetised and divided into four equal groups (n=8 each): Saline, Saline+MA, Theophylline, and Theophylline+MA. In the two MA groups, the sparrow-pecking MA technique was applied at 30 repetitions per min for 1 min to a depth of 15–18 mm using a stainless steel acupuncture needle (0.20×40 mm). The stimulus point was located on the right tibialis anterior (TA) muscle 7–8 mm below the knee. Animals in the two theophylline groups were intra-arterially injected with 8-(p-sulphophenyl) theophylline, a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist, at a dose of 30 mg/kg before MA. Animals in the two saline groups received control saline. Fluorescent microspheres (15 µm in diameter, yellow-green fluorescent) were used for MBF measurement in all four groups. Results MA of the TA muscle significantly increased MBF (Saline+MA vs Saline: p=0.001; Saline+MA vs Theophylline: p=0.008). Pre-treatment with theophylline appeared to inhibit this increase (Theophylline vs Theophylline+MA; p=1.000). MBF in the Theophylline+MA group was 43% lower than in the Saline+MA group, although this was not significantly different (p=0.104). Conclusions The results suggest that adenosine leads to an increase in MBF caused by MA. Adenosine may play a role in acupuncture analgesia by washing out algesic substances. Further studies are needed in order to elucidate the precise mechanism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document