Phylogeny of North American Festuca (Poaceae) and related genera using chloroplast DNA restriction site variation

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2415-2429 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Darbyshire ◽  
S. I. Warwick
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Site ◽  
Monophyletic Cluster ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
Dna Restriction

Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Festuca, as expressed in recent classification systems, were tested using chloroplast DNA restriction endonuclease site variation data. Species native or introduced to North America were used as exemplars for taxa related to Festuca that have been recognized variously as genera, subgenera, and (or) sections. Cladistic analysis of 67 shared chloroplast DNA restriction site mutations indicated that Festuca and some related taxa, as circumscribed in morphologically based classifications, appear to be non-monophyletic. Cluster analysis of 108 polymorphic sites was largely congruent with the results of the cladistic analysis. Two main evolutionary lines were indicated. One contained the majority of the genus Festuca exemplars, including the subgenera Drymanthele, Subulatae, Subuliflorae, Obtusae, and Festuca, as well as Vulpia, Argillochloa, and subg. Leucopoa sect. Breviaristatae. The other lineage included subgenus Schedonorus, subg. Leucopoa sect. Leucopoa, and the genus Lolium. Analyses supported the recognition of two genera in each lineage: Vulpia and Festuca in one, and Leucopoa sensu stricto (including only sect. Leucopoa) and Lolium (including Festuca subg. Schedonorus) in the other. The recognition of the monotypic generic segregate Argillochloa (= F. dasyclada) was not supported by the analyses. Key words: Festuca, Leucopoa, Lolium, Vulpia, phylogeny, chloroplast DNA.

Congruence of chloroplast DNA restriction site characters with morphological and isozyme data in Solanum sect. Lasiocarpa

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1151-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Bruneau ◽  
Elizabeth E. Dickson ◽  
Sandra Knapp
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Permutation Test ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Asian Species ◽  
Solanum Sect ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
Isozyme Analyses

Chloroplast DNA restriction site characters were analyzed cladistically in species of Solanum sect. Lasiocarpa (subg. Leptostemonum), and results were compared with previously published analyses of morphological and isozyme characters. Cladistic analysis of the chloroplast DNA restriction site characters resulted in a single tree in which two main clades were detected: one comprised three morphologically distinct lowland Amazonian species, and the other included the Andean and the two Asian species. Character congruence among the three data sets was assessed with a previously described index and with a permutation test derived from this index. Taxonomic congruence was evaluated with a measure modified from that of another researcher. The three assessments of congruence indicate that the chloroplast DNA and isozyme analyses are the most incongruent, but they differ as to their evaluation of relative (in)congruence for the other comparisons. Combining the three data sets resulted in two most parsimonious trees whose topologies incorporate elements from each of the separate analyses. The combined chloroplast DNA and morphological analyses support a previously proposed hypothesis that the two Asian species are sister taxa and of a single origin, rather than having originated separately from two distinct South American groups. Key words: Solanum, chloroplast DNA, congruence, combined data, cladistics.

Phylogenetic relationships in tribe Lepidieae (Brassicaceae) based on chloroplast DNA restriction site variation

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 1504-1512
Author(s):  
Karsten Zunk ◽  
Klaus Mummenhoff ◽  
Herbert Hurka
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Restriction Site Variation ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
Phylogenetic Lineages

Tribal and subtribal boundaries within the Brassicaceae are often artificially drawn. Most of the currently recognized tribes and subtribes are separated by only a few morphological characters. Furthermore, these characters are variable even within genera, or they conflict with one another in their distribution patterns, resulting in controversial classification systems. Therefore, tribes and subtribes as traditionally delimited may not reflect natural groups. Up to now no cladistic analysis has been performed in tribe Lepidieae. In the current study, we have analyzed restriction site variation of chloroplast DNA among 41 species representing 19 genera to get insights into phylogenetic relationships within the Lepidieae. Phylogenetic lineages derived from our chloroplast data were critically compared with the traditional concepts. Our chloroplast DNA phylogeny most easily supports the classification of genera in the system of Hayek with some modifications.

Phylogenetic implications of chloroplast DNA restriction site variation in subtribes Raphaninae and Cakilinae (Brassicaceae, tribe Brassiceae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 960-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Warwick ◽  
L. D. Black
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Raphanus Raphanistrum ◽  
Restriction Site Variation ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
Subtribe Brassicinae ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
Rapistrum Rugosum

Chloroplast DNA restriction site data was used to assess relationships among 41 taxa of the subtribes Raphaninae and Cakilinae (tribe Brassiceae, Brassicaceae). A total of 456 restriction site mutations was observed, with 237 (52%) being phylogenetically informative. Cladistic analysis, based on Wagner parsimony analysis, indicated four major clades: (i) CAKILE, (ii) CRAMBE, (iii) NIGRA lineage, and (iv) RAPA-OLERACEA lineage. The CAKILE clade was divided into two lineages: (i) Cakile, Erucaria (including Reboudia), and Didesmus (previously assigned by Schulz to the Raphaninae) and (ii) Crambella (previously assigned by Schulz to the Raphaninae). The Raphaninae as currently circumscribed is polyphyletic in origin. The cpDNA data supported separate subtribal status for Crambe (Raphaninae) and indicated two major lineages corresponding to sect. Dendrocrambe and the combined sections Crambe and Leptocrambe. Enarthrocarpus arcuatus, Enarthrocarpus lyratus, Morisia monanthos, Raphanus raphanistrum, Raphanus sativus, and Rapistrum perenne were included in the RAPA-OLERACEA lineage of subtribe Brassicinae. Ceratocnemum rapistroides, Cordylocarpus muricatus, Guiraoa arvensis, Hemicrambe fruticulosa, Kremeriella cordylocarpus, Muricaria prostrata, Otocarpus virgatus, Raffenaldia primuloides, and Rapistrum rugosum were included in the NIGRA lineage of subtribe Brassicinae. Key words: Brassicinae, Raphaninae, Cakilinae, chloroplast DNA restriction site variation, molecular systematics.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships in the Crassulaceae inferred from chloroplast DNA restriction-site variation

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roeland C. H. J. Van Ham ◽  
Henk ’t Hart
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Restriction Site Variation ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
Dna Restriction

Cladistic Analysis of Chloroplast DNA Restriction Site Characters in Erythrina (Leguminosae: Phaseoleae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Bruneau ◽  
Jeff J. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Dna Restriction

Chloroplast DNA restriction site variation and phylogeny of the Berberidaceae

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 1766-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Dong Kim ◽  
Robert K. Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Restriction Site Variation ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
Dna Restriction

Implications of Chloroplast DNA Restriction Site Variation for Systematics of Acacia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 618 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. David Clarke ◽  
Stephen R. Downie ◽  
David S. Seigler
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Restriction Site Variation ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
Dna Restriction
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