scholarly journals DRIFT EFFECTS AND THE AVERAGE FEATURES OF COSMIC RAY DENSITY GRADIENT IN CIRS DURING SUCCESSIVE TWO SOLAR MINIMUM PERIODS

2010 ◽  
pp. 199-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. FUSHISHITA ◽  
T. NARUMI ◽  
C. KATO ◽  
S. YASUE ◽  
K. MUNAKATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Solar Minimum ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Ray Density

Energy Changes of Cosmic Rays

1978 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-234
Author(s):  
L. J. Gleeson ◽  
G. M. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Density Gradient ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Integral Form ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Ray Density ◽  
The Mean

Recently (Gleeson (1972), Quenby (1973), Gleeson and Webb (1974, 1978)) it has been shown that the mean rate of change of momentum of cosmic rays reckoned for a volume fixed in the solar system iswhere G = (1/Up)(∂Up/∂r)si the cosmic-ray density gradient with Up, the differential number density with respect to momentum p at position r. (cf also the integral form of (1) by Jokipii and Parker 1967).

scholarly journals CONSTRAINTS ON THE COSMIC-RAY DENSITY GRADIENT BEYOND THE SOLAR CIRCLE FROMFERMIγ-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE THIRD GALACTIC QUADRANT

2010 ◽  
Vol 726 (2) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ackermann ◽  
M. Ajello ◽  
L. Baldini ◽  
J. Ballet ◽  
G. Barbiellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ray Density

scholarly journals ERRATUM: “CONSTRAINTS ON THE COSMIC-RAY DENSITY GRADIENT BEYOND THE SOLAR CIRCLE FROM FERMI γ-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE THIRD GALACTIC QUADRANT” (2011, ApJ, 726, 81)

2013 ◽  
Vol 772 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ackermann ◽  
M. Ajello ◽  
L. Baldini ◽  
J. Ballet ◽  
G. Barbiellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ray Density ◽  
Γ Ray

scholarly journals Drift Effects and the Cosmic Ray Density Gradient in a Solar Rotation Period: First Observation with the Global Muon Detector Network (GMDN)

2008 ◽  
Vol 681 (1) ◽  
pp. 693-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Okazaki ◽  
A. Fushishita ◽  
T. Narumi ◽  
C. Kato ◽  
S. Yasue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Solar Rotation ◽  
Rotation Period ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Muon Detector ◽  
Ray Density

scholarly journals Measurement of Low-Energy Cosmic-Ray Antiprotons at Solar Minimum

1998 ◽  
Vol 81 (19) ◽  
pp. 4052-4055 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Matsunaga ◽  
S. Orito ◽  
H. Matsumoto ◽  
K. Yoshimura ◽  
A. Moiseev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Minimum ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Low Energy

Evidence for Large Scale Cosmic Ray Electron Gradients in the Galaxy

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Spiral Structure ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Interstellar Matter ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Ray Density ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Γ Ray

In recent years observations of γ-ray emission from the disk of the galaxy have provided a new opportunity for research into the structure of the spiral arms of our own galaxy. In Figure 1 we show a map of the structure of the disk of the galaxy as observed for γ-rays of energy > 100 MeV by the SAS-2 satellite (Fichtel et al. 1975). The angular resolution of these measurements is ~ 3°, and besides two point sources at l = 190° and 265° several features related to the spiral structure of the galaxy are evident in the data. Most of these γ-rays are believed to arise from the decay of π° mesons produced by the nuclear interactions of cosmic rays (mostly protons) with the ambient interstellar gas. As a result, the γ-ray fluxes represent a measure of the line of sight integral of the product of the cosmic ray density NCR and the interstellar matter density N1

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