Blood supply and distribution of albumin and red cells in rabbit kidney

1962 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Serratto ◽  
C. Larkin Flanagan ◽  
David P. Earle
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Renal Parenchyma ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Pedicle ◽  
Supply And Distribution

Intravenously administered I131 albumin (RISA) is more concentrated in medulla than in cortex of the normal rabbit kidney. In contrast, labeled erythrocytes are more concentrated in normal rabbit renal cortex than in medulla. Collateral circulation to rabbit renal parenchyma arises from capsular and ureteral arteries. The magnitudes of these two blood supplies are small and roughly equal. Both cortex and medulla receive blood from both groups of collaterals. When capsular vessels alone supply the kidney, renal weight and concentrations of RISA and labeled erythrocytes increase progressively with time up to 1 hr. This suggests a preponderance of arterial over venous and lymphatic collaterals after acute renal pedicle occlusion. RISA concentration of the contralateral medulla of the rabbit whose left renal artery and vein have been occluded increases rapidly and remains high for 1 hr as compared to control animals.

The Relation between the Excretion of Sodium and Water and the Perfusion Pressure in the Isolated, Blood-Perfused, Rabbit Kidney, with Special Reference to Changes Occurring in Clip-Hypertension

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. A. Thompson ◽  
C. J. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Water Excretion ◽  
Pressure Threshold

1. The sodium and water excretion rates of rabbit kidneys were studied when isolated and perfused at known pressure with blood from another normal anaesthetized rabbit. Studies at several different perfusion pressures confirmed that a small rise in perfusion pressure caused a large rise in sodium excretion and that the potential sodium-excreting ability of the isolated kidney was high. The curve obtained could be closely fitted by a quadratic equation which allowed an estimate to be made of the blood pressure below which no urine is formed, i.e. the ‘theoretical perfusion pressure threshold’. For normal kidneys this was 55·4 mmHg. 2. A group of rabbits had a silver clip applied to the left renal artery and, 3–6 weeks later, the eight most hypertensive animals were selected to provide their kidneys for perfusion. Both kidneys were perfused simultaneously. The clip on the left renal artery was removed immediately before perfusion and the cannula placed distal to the stenosis in the post-stenotic dilatation. The function curves of these kidneys were compared with the curves obtained from normal kidneys. 3. The untouched kidney contralateral to the clip was found to require a significantly higher perfusion pressure (71·7 mmHg) for it to achieve a given sodium excretion rate and, surprisingly, the clipped kidney showed a similar functional change (76·4 mmHg). In other words the positions of both function curves were shifted though their slopes were not much changed. 4. Both kidneys in single-clip-hypertension appear to adapt or reset their sodium excretory behaviour. The resetting in the untouched kidney allows hypertension to be sustained without undue sodium loss. Aldosterone probably contributes little to the resetting. We infer, indirectly, that the normal kidney may, to a significant extent, restrain sodium excretion by virtue of its sympathetic innervation. We also opine that the kidney cannot be assigned fixed intrinsic functional properties on which a renal sodium-handling theory of long-term blood pressure regulation can be firmly based.

scholarly journals Pneumonectomy is necessary following delayed detection of pulmonary artery compromise

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
Ambria S Moten ◽  
Abbas E Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Left Lower Lobe ◽  
Completion Pneumonectomy

Abstract It has been previously suggested that lung tissue remains viable without blood supply from the pulmonary artery (PA). However, our experience demonstrates otherwise. We present 2 cases of accidental left lower lobe PA occlusion during upper lobectomy causing ischaemic changes to the remaining lung tissue. Both patients became septic secondary to necrosis of infarcted lung and required completion pneumonectomy. Development of collateral circulation to bypass the occluded PA may occur but is often insufficient to support the affected lung tissue. Unless the patient is medically unfit, resection of the ischaemic lung should be undertaken.

scholarly journals Transarterial Therapy of Liver Tumors with Extrahepatic Blood Supply by Renal Artery and Its Branches

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Ahmed Almasar ◽  
Reema Alrashed ◽  
Yousof Al-Zahrani ◽  
Mohammad Arabi
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Liver Tumors

Measurement of Intrarenal Blood-Flow Distribution in the Rabbit Using Radioactive Microspheres

1975 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Warren ◽  
J. G. G. Ledingham
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Radioactive Microspheres ◽  
Injection Dose ◽  
Intrarenal Blood Flow ◽  
Total Renal Blood Flow

1. Total renal blood flow and its distribution within the renal cortex of the conscious rabbit were studied with radioactive microspheres of 15 and 25 μm diameter. 2. The reliability of the microsphere technique was influenced by microsphere diameter and number (dose). The optimum microsphere diameter for determination of flow distribution in the rabbit kidney was 15 μm and dose 100–150 000 spheres. 3. Spheres of 15 μm nominal diameter were randomly distributed within the renal cortex of adult rabbits. The larger spheres in batches nominally 15 μm in diameter in young rabbits and 25 μm diameter in adult rabbits were preferentially distributed to the superficial cortex. 4. In adult rabbits 15 μm diameter spheres lodged in glomerular capillaries. Larger spheres occasionally lodged in interlobular arteries causing intrarenal haemorrhage. 5. Microspheres of 15 μm caused a decrease in renal clearance of creatinine and of p-aminohippurate when the total injection dose was about 200 000 spheres. These effects were greater when the injection dose was increased to 500 000 spheres. 6. The reduction in total renal blood flow observed with large doses of spheres largely reflected decreased outer cortical flow, as measured by a second injection of spheres, and confirmed by a decrease in p-aminohippurate extraction. 7. The reproducibility of multiple injection studies was limited by these intrarenal effects of microspheres. 8. Total renal blood flow measured in six rabbits in acute experiments by the microsphere technique was 107 ± 12 (mean±sd) ml/min and by p-aminohippurate clearance was 100 ± 10 ml/min. 9. Total renal blood flow in twelve conscious, chronically instrumented rabbits was 125 ± 11 ml/min, of which 92 ± 6 ml/min was distributed to the superficial cortex and 33 ± 4 ml/min to the deep cortex.

Giant Aneurysm of Renal Artery: Surgical Management

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lokeswara Rao Sajja ◽  
Sitaram Reddy Benjaram ◽  
Sarbeswar Sahariah ◽  
Vijay Kumar Devaraj
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Giant Aneurysm ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Renal Arteriography

Giant aneurysm of the renal artery is rare even though renal artery aneurysms are diagnosed more often since the introduction of abdominal ultrasonography and selective renal arteriography. A 52-year-old man with an aneurysm of the left renal artery measuring 16 × 13 × 10 cm presented with features of an expanding aneurysm. He underwent resection of the aneurysm and a left nephrectomy.

scholarly journals Origin, Traject and Distribution of Renal Arteries (Arteriae renalis) in Chinchilla lanigera

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Cristian MARTONOS ◽  
Cristian DEZDROBITU ◽  
Florin STAN ◽  
Aurel DAMIAN ◽  
Alexandru GUDEA
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Lateral Part ◽  
Formaldehyde Solution ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Aorta Abdominalis ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

For the present study a number of 5 female chinchilla carcasses were used. The animals were slaughtered for commercial purpuses (fur). The anatomical dissection started with the identification of the aorta (Aorta abdominalis). The next step was the intra-arterial injection of a colouring substance. The carcasses was fixed in the formaldehyde solution and subsequently the renal arteries were dissected. The first renal artery was the right renal artery (Arteria renalis dextra) and, at 0,5 cm caudally, the left renal artery (Arteria renalis sinister) arose . The origin of those arteries were disposed on the lateral part of the abdominal aorta.The origin, traject and distribution of renal arteries on the studied species have a high degree of similarity with the literature dates described for leporids.

Hepato-Left Renal Artery Bypass

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Sharp ◽  
Asad R. Shamma ◽  
Jamal J. Hoballah ◽  
Timothy F. Kresowik ◽  
John D. Corson
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Left Renal Artery

scholarly journals The repeated extracorporeal shock waves and the renal parenchyma injury on normal and diabetic rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Massaji Kira ◽  
Djalma José Fagundes ◽  
César Orlando Peralta Bandeira ◽  
Anna Tereza Negrini Fagundes ◽  
Valdemar Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Renal Parenchyma ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Accumulated Damage ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Waves

PURPOSE: To assess the effect of repeated extracorporeal shock waves (ESW) on renal parenchyma of normal and diabetic rats. METHODS: 40 normal rats (A) and 40 diabetic rats (B) were assigned for ESW (Direx Tripter X1® - 14 KVA) as follow: A1/B1 and A3/B3 no ESW; A2/B2 one ESW (2,000 SW); A4/B4 two ESW (4,000 SW) in an elapsed 14 days. All the animals were sacrificed 3 days after the ESW and samples of renal parenchyma were histological prepared, stained by H&E. For each animal the frequency of hemorrhage focus (HF) in the subcapasular, interstitial and glomerulus area was calculated (porcentage) on 20 randomly histological sections. RESULTS: No one HF was identified in all normal or diabetic animals without ESW (A1, A3 and B1, B3). In the normal rats the HF frequency was similar to one ESW (subcapsular =15%; interstitial =20% and glomerular =10%) or repetead ESW (subcapsular =25%; interstitial =20%; glomerular=10%). In diabetic rats the occurence of HF with repetead ESW was more frequent (subcapsular =40%; interstitial =30% and glomerular =10%) than with a single ESW (subcapsular =25%; interstitial =15% and glomerular =15%). CONCLUSION: A single ESW or a repeated ESW caused a mild and similar damage on renal cortex of normal rats. In diabetic rats the repetead ESW may result in an accumulated damage, especially with focus of hemorrhage in subcapsular and interstitial tissue and glomerulus edema.

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