scholarly journals Functional Assessment of Myocardial Bridging With Conventional and Diastolic Fractional Flow Reserve: Vasodilator Versus Inotropic Provocation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srdjan B. Aleksandric ◽  
Ana D. Djordjevic‐Dikic ◽  
Milan R. Dobric ◽  
Vojislav L. Giga ◽  
Ivan A. Soldatovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Fractional Flow Reserve ◽  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Fractional Flow ◽  
Myocardial Bridging ◽  
Left Anterior Descending Artery ◽  
Exercise Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Flow Reserve

Background Functional assessment of myocardial bridging (MB) remains clinically challenging because of the dynamic nature of the extravascular coronary compression with a certain degree of intraluminal coronary reduction. The aim of our study was to assess performance and diagnostic value of diastolic‐fractional flow reserve (d‐FFR) during dobutamine provocation versus conventional‐FFR during adenosine provocation with exercise‐induced myocardial ischemia as reference. Methods and Results This prospective study includes 60 symptomatic patients (45 men, mean age 57±9 years) with MB on the left anterior descending artery and systolic compression ≥50% diameter stenosis. Patients were evaluated by exercise stress‐echocardiography test, and both conventional‐FFR and d‐FFR in the distal segment of left anterior descending artery during intravenous infusion of adenosine (140 μg/kg per minute) and dobutamine (10–50 μg/kg per minute), separately. Exercise–stress‐echocardiography test was positive for myocardial ischemia in 19/60 patients (32%). Conventional‐FFR during adenosine and peak dobutamine had similar values (0.84±0.04 versus 0.84±0.06, P =0.852), but d‐FFR during peak dobutamine was significantly lower than d‐FFR during adenosine (0.76±0.08 versus 0.79±0.08, P =0.018). Diastolic‐FFR during peak dobutamine was significantly lower in the exercise‐stress‐echocardiography test –positive group compared with the exercise‐ stress‐echocardiography test –negative group (0.70±0.07 versus 0.79±0.06, P <0.001), but not during adenosine (0.79±0.07 versus 0.78±0.09, P =0.613). Among physiological indices, d‐FFR during peak dobutamine was the only independent predictor of functionally significant MB (odds ratio, 0.870; 95% CI, 0.767–0.986, P =0.03). Receiver‐operating characteristics curve analysis identifies the optimal d‐FFR during peak dobutamine cut‐off ≤0.76 (area under curve, 0.927; 95% CI, 0.833–1.000; P <0.001) with a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of 95%, 95%, 90%, and 98%, respectively, for identifying MB associated with stress‐induced ischemia. Conclusions Diastolic‐FFR, but not conventional‐FFR, during inotropic stimulation with high‐dose dobutamine, in comparison to vasodilatation with adenosine, provides more reliable functional significance of MB in relation to stress‐induced myocardial ischemia.

Abstract 2688: Can Stress Echocardiography With Tissue Characterization Evaluate Noncritical Coronary Stenosis? A Validation Study Against Simultaneous Measurement of Fractional Flow Reserve

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tudor Poerner ◽  
Sisi Vilardi ◽  
Björn Goebel ◽  
Hans R Figulla ◽  
Tim Süselbeck
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Fractional Flow Reserve ◽  
Coronary Stenosis ◽  
Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Fractional Flow ◽  
Balloon Inflation ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Flow Reserve

Aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of different echocardiographic modalities to detect myocardial ischemia due to non-critical coronary stenosis, compared to the fractional flow reserve (FFR) as gold standard. Material and Methods: We investigated 22 consecutive patients presenting with stable angina, negative exercise tests and coronary 1-vessel disease with 50–75% diameter stenosis. TDE/SRI was performed at baseline and at peak hyperemia during 0.14 mg/kg/min adenosine infusion simultaneously with intracoronary FFR measurements. Angioplasty was carried out if FFR < 0.75, repeating TDE/SRI during first balloon inflation. Visual wall motion score, peak systolic values for myocardial velocity (Vs), strain rate (SRs), strain (Ss) and peak overall strain (Smax) were determined in the region of interest. Postsystolic shortening (PSS), accepted as typical marker of acute myocardial ischemia, was defined as (Smax-Ss)/Smax > 0.3, with reduced Ss < 15%. Results: Pathologic FFR < 0.75 was found in 11 patients (Table 1 ), who underwent angioplasty. Myocardial contractility reflected by SRs increased during hyperemia only in the patient group with FFR > 0.75 and decreased markedly during balloon inflation. Hyperemic SRs variation correlated with FFR (r = 0.5, p = 0.018) and predicted significantly pathologic FFR with an area under ROC curve of 0.86 (p <0.01). PSS was identified in 10 of 11 patients during vessel occlusion, but had a low sensitivity (2 of 11 patients with FFR < 0.75) for the more subtle changes during hyperemia. Conclusion: Functional assessment of moderate-to-severe coronary stenosis remains a diagnostic challenge. PSS occurrence cannot serve as a reliable noninvasive alternative to FFR. However, the blunted hyperemic variation of systolic strain rate was able to predict a pathologic FFR, even in this small group of patients. Therefore, TDE/SRI emerges as a promising tool to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of adenosine stress echocardiography. Table 1

scholarly journals Echocardiographic markers of inducible myocardial ischemia at baseline evaluation preparatory to exercise stress echocardiography

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Cherubini ◽  
Giovanni Cioffi ◽  
Carmine Mazzone ◽  
Giorgio Faganello ◽  
Giulia Barbati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Exercise Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Baseline Evaluation

Fractional flow reserve and instantaneous wave-free ratio discordance in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Yamanaka ◽  
K Shishido ◽  
S Yokota ◽  
N Moriyama ◽  
Y Mashimo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Stenosis ◽  
Fractional Flow Reserve ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenosis ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Aortic Valve Area ◽  
Fractional Flow ◽  
Left Anterior Descending Artery ◽  
Flow Reserve

Abstract Background It has been reported that discordance between fractional flow reserve (FFR) and Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio (iFR) could occur in up to 20% of cases. However, there are no reports regarding discordance between FFR and iFR in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis (AS). Purpose We aimed to investigate the discordance between FFR and iFR in patients with severe AS. Methods Severe AS was defined as an aortic-valve area of ≤1.0 cm2, a mean aortic-valve gradient of 40mmHg or more, or a peak aortic-jet velocity of 4.0 m/s or more. Intermediate coronary artery stenosis was defined as 30% to 70% stenosis (visual estimation). FFR and iFR were calculated in 4 quadrants based on values of FFR ≤0.8 and iFR ≤0.89 (positive discordance; low FFR and high iFR, negative discordance; high FFR and low iFR). Results We examined consecutive 140 patients (164 intermediate coronary artery stenosis vessels). Mean FFR and iFR ± standard deviation was 0.82±0.09 and 0.82±0.14, respectively. The discordance was observed in 48 vessels (29.3%). In the discordant group, most of cases were negative discordance (45 cases, 93.6%). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that left anterior descending artery (Hazard Ratio 3.80; 1.55 to 9.31, p=0.0036) was independently associated with negative discordance. Conclusions In patients with severe AS, the discordance between FFR and iFR could be observed in 29.3% of the vessels, mostly negative discordance. The left anterior descending artery is an independent predictor for negative discordance. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Fractional Flow Reserve With Dobutamine Challenge and Coronary Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Symptomatic Myocardial Bridging

2014 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Yoshino ◽  
Andrew Cassar ◽  
Yoshiki Matsuo ◽  
Joerg Herrmann ◽  
Rajiv Gulati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Fractional Flow Reserve ◽  
Fractional Flow ◽  
Myocardial Bridging ◽  
Flow Reserve ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial
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