Larvae of Heterodera rostochiensis have penetrated S. nigrum, quickly caused necrosis in the invaded roots and usually themselves suffered degeneration, which it is believed has led to their death. In these cases the region of the intestine apparently becomes devoid of food reserves and the subcuticular layers of the body wall degenerate into irregular strands of tissue. Only of the order of 0.5 per cent, completed the second moult in eight weeks, while the same stage was reached in tomatoes in a little over two weeks. Many larvae apparently do not develop at all. Tomato roots react to invasion by becoming swollen, and necrosis is less in evidence than in black nightshade.