The Effectiveness of the Foreign-Trade Zone as an Export Promotion Program: Policy Issues and Alternatives

The USDA's Market Access Program (formerly Market Promotion Program) recently underwent a major change to redirect all branded products export promotion funds to small domestic firms and cooperatives. The redirection responded to criticisms by the General Accounting Office of past allocations of branded products export promotion funds to large, experienced exporters. This study uses a firm-level analysis to examine whether firm size and export experience matter in how effectively firms use the promotion funds to increase their revenues. The results support neither the GAO criticisms nor the recent program redirection.

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Australia's Export Promotion Program: Is It Effective?

Australian Journal of Management ◽

10.1177/031289620903400107 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 125-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Paul Brewer

Keyword(s):

Export Promotion ◽

Promotion Program

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The Importance of Networks in Export Promotion: Policy Issues

Journal of International Marketing ◽

10.1177/1069031x9800600409 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 66-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Denice E. Welch ◽

Lawrence S. Welch ◽

Louise C. Young ◽

Ian F. Wilkinson

Keyword(s):

Export Promotion ◽

Policy Issues ◽

Promotion Policy

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The Foreign Service and Foreign Trade: Embassies as Export Promotion

10.3386/w11111 ◽

2005 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Andrew Rose

Keyword(s):

Foreign Trade ◽

Export Promotion ◽

Foreign Service

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Energy and Employment Implications of Foreign Trade Opportunities in the Northeast

Journal of the Northeastern Agricultural Economics Council ◽

10.1017/s0163548400003034 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 93-100

Author(s):

Pedro Alba ◽

David Blandford ◽

Richard Boisvert

Keyword(s):

Energy Conservation ◽

Foreign Trade ◽

Energy Requirement ◽

Export Promotion ◽

Export Markets ◽

Manufacturing Employment ◽

Market Expansion ◽

Promotion Policies ◽

Manufactured Products ◽

To Come

In the Northeast, the principal market expansion for its manufactured products is likely to come from outside. Sales to export markets can create jobs and could potentially exacerbate the region's dependence on imported energy. This analysis demonstrates that 26% of the Northeast's manufacturing employment is in sectors which have experienced significant expansion in exports in recent years. For most of the export sectors, the employment contribution is above the average for domestically-oriented industries, and the energy requirement is below the average. By focusing export promotion policies on these sectors, employment objectives need not conflict with energy conservation objectives.

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Advertising with Supply Control: Some Implications of Norwegian Whitefish Export Promotion

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review ◽

10.1017/age.2019.25 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 558-585 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gary W. Williams ◽

Oral Capps

Keyword(s):

Simulation Model ◽

Opportunity Cost ◽

Export Promotion ◽

Generic Advertising ◽

Supply Response ◽

Induced Demand ◽

Promotion Program ◽

Price Effects ◽

Export Supply ◽

Generic Promotion

An issue for generic advertising in agricultural markets with unregulated supplies is that the promotion-induced demand shift could lead to a supply response that substantially attenuates the price effects of the promotion. For the generic promotion of fish exports, however, the concern is generally just the opposite—the possibility that extensive government supply controls could render promotion efforts to expand export sales ineffectual due to little or no supply response. This study considers the effects of government whitefish (cod, haddock, and others) supply controls on the effectiveness of the Norwegian Seafood Council (NSC) whitefish export promotion program. We use an econometric simulation model to measure the effectiveness and returns to NSC whitefish export promotion under a range of possible export supply control conditions. Results indicate that effective supply control maximizes the return to promotion and that ineffectual supply control imposes a potentially large opportunity cost on the promoting industry.

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