Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Associated with the 20210 G-to-A Prothrombin Variant

Purpose To describe a case of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in a patient who tested positive for the 20210 A allele of the prothrombin (PT) gene. Methods A 48-year-old man had visual loss in the right eye secondary to BRVO confirmed by ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography. His medical history was not remarkable for common risk factors for retinal occlusive diseases. Results Laboratory tests for hypercoagulability were positive for PT 20210 A variant. The patient's family tested negative for the PT variant. Conclusions Laboratory tests for coagulopathy, including the PT 20210 A variant, should be added to the examination of patients with central or BRVO, especially if most common risk factors for thrombosis have been excluded.

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Retinal Vascular Occlusive Disorders - Risk Factors

International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science ◽

10.23958/ijirms/vol03-i02/07 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Shivcharan Lal Chandravanshi, Sunil Kumar Shrivastava, Priyanka Agnihotri, Smriti Gupta

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽

Central Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽

Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽

Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Vein Occlusion ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Retinal Artery ◽

Central Retinal Vein

Aims and Objective - The aim of the present study is to identify risk factors associated with different retinal vascular occlusive diseases (RVOD), such as central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), hemi-retinal artery occlusion (HRAO), branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO), cilioretinal artery occlusion (Cilio-RAO), central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), and hemi-retinal vein occlusion (HRVO). Patients and Method - A cross-sectional study on 114 consecutive subjects, aged 24-96 years who have attended at the outpatient department of ophthalmology at Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, MP, were included in the study. The Duration of study was January 2016 to December 2017. Only patients with CRAO, BRAO, HRAO, Cilio-RAO, CRVO, BRVO, and HRVO were included in the study. Other retinal vascular disorders such as diabetic vaso-occlusive disease, anterior and posterior ischemic and non-ischemic neuropathy, hypertensive retinopathy, sickle cell retinopathy, retinal telangiectasia, retinopathy of prematurity, were excluded from study. Results - We have included 114 patients, 64 cases (56.14%) males, 50 (43.85%) females, aged 56+/-8 years (range 24-96 years). Bilateral retinal vascular occlusive disorders were seen in only 4 cases (3.5%). Two patients have bilateral CRVO followed by one case of bilateral BRVO and one case of bilateral CRAO. Out of 114 patients, branch retinal vein occlusion was seen in 62 cases (54.38%), followed by central retinal vein occlusion in 36 cases (31.57%), CRAO in 8 cases (7.01%), and hemi- retinal vein occlusion in 4 cases (3.50%). Hypertension was the most common, (40 cases, 35.08%) risk factor identified for retinal vascular occlusive disorders followed by diabetes 24 cases (21.05%), combined diabetes and hypertension in 22 cases (19.29%), and atherosclerosis in 18 cases (15.78%). Conclusions - Retinal vascular occlusive diseases have systemic as well as ocular risk factors. Understanding of these risk factors is essential for proper treatment of RVOD. Timely identification of risk factors for RVOD may helpful in decreasing ocular and systemic morbidity in these patients.

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Fundus Fluorescein Angiography, Optical Coherence Tomography, and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

Güncel Retina Dergisi (Current Retina Journal) ◽

10.37783/crj-0144 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 83-87

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Fluorescein Angiography ◽

Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽

Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Serous Retinal Detachment ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Fundus Fluorescein Angiography ◽

Vein Occlusion ◽

Capillary Plexus

Even though the diagnosis depends on clinical examination, in cases with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) provide unique data for follow-up, management and prognosis. In FFA, delay of laminar flow phase in the involved branch, hyperfluorescence due to leakage from the vessel wall in the late phases, hypofluorescence due to the blockage by hemorrhage, and soft exudates, and hyperfluorescence due to macular edema can be detected. In OCT, macular thickening, cystic spaces, serous retinal detachment, hyperreflective dots, disorganization of the outer retinal layers – particularly the photoreceptor inner and outer segments line and the external limiting membrane – can be seen. OCTA reveals non-perfusion, particularly in the deep capillary plexus.

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