A 7-year follow-up of antenatal depression treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy: A case report of maternal and child outcomes

There are few studies of cognitive behavioral therapy for women with antenatal depression including qualitative and quantitative data, and yet, individual cases can provide valuable information on personal experiences of treatment effectiveness and acceptability. The purpose of this case report is to explore the long-term qualitative outcomes following cognitive behavioral therapy for antenatal depression. A pregnant woman with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnosis of depression was allocated to receive seven sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy in a randomized controlled trial. We describe her experiences and mood during treatment, at 12 weeks, 9 months, 2 years, and 7 years postpartum, as well as markers of her child’s development. The woman’s mood symptoms were dramatically improved after treatment and remained in the mild to moderate range until 7 years postpartum. Her child showed overall age-appropriate development, with strengths highlighted in his nonverbal and problem-solving ability. Relative weaknesses were in the communication domain and his processing speed. This case report suggests that psychological treatment for depression during pregnancy can be both acceptable to women and potentially protective in the long term.

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Short- and long-term efficacy of brief cognitive-behavioral therapy for patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder pain: A randomized, controlled trial

Yearbook of Dentistry ◽

10.1016/s0084-3717(08)70524-5 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2007 ◽

pp. 287-288

Author(s):

R. Ohrbach

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Temporomandibular Disorder ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Term Efficacy ◽

Short And Long Term

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Enhanced treatment for depression in primary care: long-term outcomes of a psycho-educational prevention program alone and enriched with psychiatric consultation or cognitive behavioral therapy

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291706009809 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 849-862 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

HENK JAN CONRADI ◽

PETER de JONGE ◽

HERMAN KLUITER ◽

ANNET SMIT ◽

KLAAS van der MEER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Psychiatric Consultation ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome

Background. The long-term outcome of major depression is often unfavorable, and because most cases of depression are managed by general practitioners (GPs), this places stress on the need to improve treatment in primary care. This study evaluated the long-term effects of enhancing the GP's usual care (UC) with three experimental interventions.Method. A randomized controlled trial was conducted from 1998 to 2003. The main inclusion criterion was receiving GP treatment for a depressive episode. We compared: (1) UC (n=72) with UC enhanced with: (2) a psycho-educational prevention (PEP) program (n=112); (3) psychiatrist-enhanced PEP (n=37); and (4) brief cognitive behavioral therapy followed by PEP (CBT-enhanced PEP) (n=44). We assessed depression status quarterly during a 3-year follow-up.Results. Pooled across groups, depressive disorder-free and symptom-free times during follow-up were 83% and 17% respectively. Almost 64% of the patients had a relapse or recurrence, the median time to recurrence was 96 weeks, and the mean Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score over 12 follow-up assessments was 9·6. Unexpectedly, PEP patients had no better outcomes than UC patients. However, psychiatrist-enhanced PEP and CBT-enhanced PEP patients reported lower BDI severity during follow-up than UC patients [mean difference 2·07 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1·13–3·00) and 1·62 (95% CI 0·70–2·55) respectively] and PEP patients [2·37 (95% CI 1·35–3·39) and 1·93 (95% CI 0·92–2·94) respectively].Conclusions. The PEP program had no extra benefit compared to UC and may even worsen outcome in severely depressed patients. Enhancing treatment of depression in primary care with psychiatric consultation or brief CBT seems to improve the long-term outcome, but findings need replication as the interventions were combined with the ineffective PEP program.

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Short- and long-term efficacy of brief cognitive-behavioral therapy for patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder pain: A randomized, controlled trial

Pain ◽

10.1016/j.pain.2005.11.017 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 121 (3) ◽

pp. 181-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 160

Author(s):

Judith A. Turner ◽

Lloyd Mancl ◽

Leslie A. Aaron

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Temporomandibular Disorder ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Term Efficacy ◽

Short And Long Term

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Antidepressants and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Symptom Syndromes

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852900014383 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 212-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Jeffrey L. Jackson ◽

Patrick G. O'Malley ◽

Kurt Kroenke

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Chronic Back Pain ◽

Treatment Effectiveness ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Chronic Fatigue ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Noncardiac Chest Pain ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Fatigue Syndrome

ABSTRACTSomatic symptoms are common in primary care and clinicians often prescribe antidepressants as adjunctive therapy. There are many possible reasons why this may work, including treating comorbid depression or anxiety, inhibition of ascending pain pathways, inhibition of prefrontal cortical areas that are responsible for “attention” to noxious stimuli, and the direct effects of the medications on the syndrome.There are good theoretical reasons why antidepressants with balanced norepinephrine and serotonin effects may be more effective than those that act predominantly on one pathway, though head-to-head comparisons are lacking. For the 11 painful syndromes review in this article, cognitive-behavioral therapy is most consistently demonstrated to be effective, with various antidepressants having more or less randomized controlled data supporting or refuting effectiveness.This article reviews the randomized controlled trial data for the use of antidepressant and cognitive-behavior therapy for 11 somatic syndromes: irritable bowel syndrome, chronic back pain, headache, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, tinnitus, menopausal symptoms, chronic facial pain, noncardiac chest pain, interstitial cystitis, and chronic pelvic pain. For some syndromes, the data for or against treatment effectiveness is relatively robust, for many, however, the data, one way or the other is scanty.

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