Video Analysis of Concussion Exposures in a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Football Team

Background: Research into improving player safety of sport-related concussion (SRC) in American football has been an ongoing endeavor. In an attempt to better understand the incidence of SRCs in American football, research has focused on the characteristics of SRC during gameplay. Determining SRC specifics and assessing them quantitatively can help identify high-risk scenarios and predict exposure risk. Purpose: To identify and assess the incidence of SRCs in a National Collegiate Athletic Association football team by comparing field location, player positions, collision partners, and player cues. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: We used physician sideline reports of diagnosed concussions from a Division I football team from September 2010 to December 2018. Game videos were analyzed to identify the field location where the SRC occurred, collision partner, and player behavior postconcussion. The incidence of in-game SRCs by position was also assessed. We used the “words of estimative probability” model to categorize each concussion as certain, almost certain, probable, or even on the basis of our confidence in identifying them using game film. Results: This study examined 44 SRCs that occurred over 9 seasons. The SRC incidence was significantly higher in the middle defense (5-20 yards from the line of scrimmage) compared with all other field locations (relative risk, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.14-5.29; P < .05). In-game collision partners were most commonly defensive backs. The most common player cue was a hand to helmet/face mask. The positions with the highest SRC incidence by athlete-exposure, game position, and position play belonged to the defensive backs, wide receivers, and running backs. Conclusion: The middle defense had a significantly higher incidence of SRCs than all other field locations. We pose a new method to categorize concussions during video analysis by using words of estimative probability. Knowledge of SRC gameplay characteristics can potentially guide the medical staff and medical observer to better identify them.

Download Full-text

A new approach to bracket prediction in the NCAA Men’s Basketball Tournament based on a dual-proportion likelihood

Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports ◽

10.1515/jqas-2014-0047 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ajay Andrew Gupta

Keyword(s):

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Expert Knowledge ◽

Probability Model ◽

Expected Value ◽

Division I ◽

Prediction System ◽

New Approach ◽

Men's Basketball ◽

Popular Interest ◽

The One

AbstractThe widespread proliferation of and interest in bracket pools that accompany the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Men’s Basketball Tournament have created a need to produce a set of predicted winners for each tournament game by people without expert knowledge of college basketball. Previous research has addressed bracket prediction to some degree, but not nearly on the level of the popular interest in the topic. This paper reviews relevant previous research, and then introduces a rating system for teams using game data from that season prior to the tournament. The ratings from this system are used within a novel, four-predictor probability model to produce sets of bracket predictions for each tournament from 2009 to 2014. This dual-proportion probability model is built around the constraint of two teams with a combined 100% probability of winning a given game. This paper also performs Monte Carlo simulation to investigate whether modifications are necessary from an expected value-based prediction system such as the one introduced in the paper, in order to have the maximum bracket score within a defined group. The findings are that selecting one high-probability “upset” team for one to three late rounds games is likely to outperform other strategies, including one with no modifications to the expected value, as long as the upset choice overlaps a large minority of competing brackets while leaving the bracket some distinguishing characteristics in late rounds.

Download Full-text

Infographic for “Improving concussion-reporting behavior in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football players: evidence for the applicability of the socioecological model for athletic trainers”

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-47-18.info1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 21a-21a

Keyword(s):

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Athletic Trainers ◽

Division I ◽

Football Players ◽

Socioecological Model ◽

Reporting Behavior ◽

Division I Football

Download Full-text

Injuries in a Japanese Division I Collegiate American Football Team: A 3-Season Prospective Study

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-48.4.15 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (6) ◽

pp. 818-825 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Junta Iguchi ◽

Yosuke Yamada ◽

Misaka Kimura ◽

Yoshihiko Fujisawa ◽

Tatsuya Hojo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Injury Rate ◽

The United States ◽

American Football ◽

Division I ◽

Data Set ◽

Injury Rates ◽

Football Team ◽

Collegiate Football

Context: Previous research on American football injuries in Japan has focused on incidence proportion in terms of the number of injuries divided by the number of players. This is the first study to examine injury rates over several seasons. Objective: To conduct a prospective study of injuries in a Japanese Division I collegiate American football team over the 2007 through 2009 seasons. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Collegiate football team at Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan. Patients or Other Participants: All 289 athletes who played on the collegiate Division I football team during the 2007 through 2009 seasons. Main Outcome Measure(s): A certified athletic trainer kept a daily record of all practice and game injuries. Injury rates were calculated according to season, injury type, body part, severity, and mechanism. Injuries were also analyzed according to position of player, school year, and playing experience. Results: The game injury rate (GIR; 32.7 injuries/1000 athlete-exposures) was higher than the practice injury rate (PIR; 10.9 injuries/1000 athlete-exposures) over the 3 seasons (P < .05). The PIR was higher among Japanese players than the comparable United States collegiate football injury rates (5.8–7.0 injuries/1000 athlete-exposures). Ankle and foot injuries occurred more frequently during games, whereas thigh and gluteal injuries occurred more frequently during practices. Conclusions: Our data show differences between games and practices in terms of injury rates, body parts injured, and positions of players injured. The high PIR in Japan may be due to the increased contact during practices and length of practices compared with the United States. Further research involving multiple teams is recommended to validate the trends noted in this study. The expanded data set could assist in the development of safety regulations and preventive interventions for Japanese football.

Download Full-text

Effects of the 1984 Supreme Court Ruling on the Television Revenues of NCAA Division I Football Programs

Journal of Sport Management ◽

10.1123/jsm.3.2.79 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 79-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

L. Marlene Mawson ◽

William T. Bowler

Keyword(s):

Supreme Court ◽

Ncaa Division I ◽

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Division I ◽

Court Ruling ◽

Supreme Court Ruling ◽

Football Programs ◽

Division I Football ◽

Game Attendance ◽

Collegiate Football

The 1984 Supreme Court ruling in the antitrust suit between the Universities of Oklahoma and Georgia, representing the College Football Association (CFA), versus the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) provided mat individual institutions had proper authority to sell television rights to their football games. The NCAA had controlled television appearances of collegiate football teams with the rationale of preventing erosion of game attendance due to televised home football games. Records of home games televised, television revenues from football games, and attendance at televised football games were gathered from 57% of NCAA Division I institutions and compared for a 3-year period prior to the 1984 ruling, with a 3-year period following the ruling. Four sets oft tests between mean data for the pre- and posttime periods showed that although the number of games scheduled per season remained the same, the number of televised football games significantly increased, the television revenues from football remained constant, and attendance at televised home football games decreased significantly after the 1984 ruling.

Download Full-text

The Existence of Sport Psychology Services Among NCAA Division I FBS University Athletic Departments and Counseling Centers

The Sport Psychologist ◽

10.1123/tsp.27.3.296 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 296-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eric W. Hayden ◽

Alan S. Kornspan ◽

Zachary T. Bruback ◽

Michael C. Parent ◽

Matthew Rodgers

Keyword(s):

Sport Psychology ◽

Ncaa Division I ◽

Student Athletes ◽

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Division I ◽

Counseling Centers ◽

Athletic Departments ◽

University Counseling ◽

University Counseling Centers ◽

Division I Football

One hundred twenty university counseling centers and athletic-department websites were viewed and analyzed for the provision of sport psychology services specifically to NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) Division I Football Bowl Championship Series (FBS) student athletes. Using content-analysis methodology, the present research identified a fair number of university athletic departments (n = 29) and university counseling centers (n = 6) that provided specific sport psychology services. In addition, most athletic departments and counseling centers that provided sport psychology services had one individual on staff who was listed as the service provider. Results of the study are discussed in relation to providing a current understanding of the extent to which sport psychology is presently being provided to NCAA Division I FBS university student athletes. Future qualitative research is recommended to examine the work of professionals providing sport psychology services in athletic departments and counseling centers to better understand the precise nature of the services provided.

Download Full-text

Body Composition and Power Output In NCAA Division I American Football Linebackers Throughout a Competitive Season

International Journal of Strength and Conditioning ◽

10.47206/ijsc.v1i1.57 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kurt McDowell

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Ncaa Division I ◽

Athletic Performance ◽

Past Research ◽

American Football ◽

Division I ◽

Competitive Season ◽

Optimal Programming ◽

Division I Football ◽

Squat Jumps

Body composition and power are impactful variables of athletic performance. However, few studies have assessed power and body composition changes from pre-, to mid-, to end-of-season in American Football linebackers. The purpose of this study was to determine how power and body composition respond to a competitive season in Division I Football Championship Series (FCS) American football linebackers. Participants (n=9; Age=19.7 ± 1.5 years; Weight=101.5±11.6 kg; Height=183.3±5.2 cm; [Body Fat percent (BF %) =21.31 ± 6.02%)] performed a Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan, and power was assessed via three vertical jumps and squat jumps at 40, 60, 80, and 100 kg at three time points: a) 1 week prior to their regular season, b) 2 days after the bye week in the middle of the season, and c) 1 week prior to the completion of the season. An Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed no significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in power or body composition. These results support past research, indicating power and body composition can be maintained throughout a competitive season. However, more research is needed to determine the optimal programming methods to maintain or improve athletic performance via optimization of body composition and power during a competitive season.

Download Full-text