Microsurgical Anatomy of the Central Retinal Artery

Neurosurgery ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 870-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Tsutsumi ◽  
Albert L. Rhoton
Keyword(s):  
Ophthalmic Artery ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Central Retinal Artery ◽  
Optic Canal ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Microsurgical Anatomy ◽  
Orbital Apex ◽  
Small Arteries ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
Muscular Branch

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To define the microsurgical anatomy of the central retinal artery (CRA) and to provide a guide to avoiding damage to it during surgery. METHODS: The anatomic characteristics of the CRA and small arteries distributed to the optic sheath were examined in 109 orbits. The origin, course, and site of entry of the artery into the optic sheath and the distance between the orbital apex and the site of entry into the sheath were examined. RESULTS: The CRAs originated directly from the intraorbital ophthalmic artery or in a common trunk with a posterior ciliary or a muscular branch. The CRAs most commonly originated on the inferomedial side of the ophthalmic artery an average of 8.4 mm distal to the orbital end of the optic canal. They penetrated the optic sheath near the junction of the middle and anterior thirds of the length of the intraorbital optic nerve an average of 18.6 mm distal to the optic canal. More than 70% of CRAs penetrated near the midline of the lower surface of the optic sheath, 21% entered the inferomedial surface, and 7% the inferolateral or lateral surface of the optic sheath. Only one CRA gave off a branch before penetrating the nerve. CONCLUSION: The CRA is at risk of being damaged or occluded during procedures involving a large part of the orbit. Procedures directed along the lower half of the proximal two-thirds of the optic sheath have the greatest risk of interrupting the artery.

Microsurgical Anatomy of the Central Retinal Artery

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. e172-e187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matias Baldoncini ◽  
Alvaro Campero ◽  
Gabriel Moran ◽  
Maximiliano Avendaño ◽  
Pablo Hinojosa-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Retinal Artery ◽  
Microsurgical Anatomy ◽  
Retinal Artery

scholarly journals Comparison of Color Doppler Imaging Criteria for the Ophthalmic Artery and Central Retinal Artery in Infants with Retinopathy of Prematurity with and Without Plus Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Soleimani ◽  
Seyed Ehsan Ghetmiri ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ahrar Yazdi
Keyword(s):  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Ophthalmic Artery ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Color Doppler Imaging ◽  
Central Retinal Artery ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
The Mean

Background: Color Doppler imaging (CDI) is a non-aggressive and safe technique for the clinical management of retinal diseases. Recently, the number of infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has increased due to the incidence of premature births. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the CDI criteria for the ophthalmic artery (OA) and central retinal artery (CRA) in ROP infants with and without plus disease. Patients and Methods: In this case-control study, 42 premature infants (21 infants with plus disease and 21 infants without plus disease) underwent CDI. The arterial CDI parameters, including end-diastolic velocity (EDV), pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and peak systolic velocity (PSV), were measured in these patients. After collecting the data, t-test and chi-square tests were used for data analysis. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The mean EDV of CRA in patients with and without plus disease was 4.35 ± 1.00 and 5.27 ± 1.02 cm/sec, respectively (P = 0.005). The mean PSV of CRA in patients with and without plus disease was 15.65 ± 3.35 and 18.39 ± 4.39 cm/sec, respectively (P = 0.029). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of PSV or EDV of OA (P > 0.05). Also, no significant difference was observed between the two groups considering the RI and PI of CRA and OA (P > 0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, CDI criteria, such as EDV and PSV of CRA, were significantly lower in infants with plus disease as compared to those without plus disease. Since detecting the early stages of plus disease is a challenge for ophthalmologists, assessment of these criteria can be helpful for differentiation of these two subgroups of patients. However, further studies with a larger sample size are needed to determine the cutoff value.

scholarly journals A Case of Incomplete Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Associated with Short Posterior Ciliary Artery Occlusion

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Shinji Makino ◽  
Mikiko Takezawa ◽  
Yukihiro Sato
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Ophthalmic Artery ◽  
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Central Retinal Artery ◽  
Posterior Ciliary Artery ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
Ciliary Artery

To our knowledge, incomplete central retinal artery occlusion associated with short posterior ciliary artery occlusion is extremely rare. Herein, we describe a case of a 62-year-old man who was referred to our hospital with of transient blindness in his right eye. At initial examination, the patient’s best-corrected visual acuity was 18/20 in the right eye. Fundus examination showed multiple soft exudates around the optic disc and mild macular retinal edema in his right eye; however, a cherry red spot on the macula was not detected. Fluorescein angiography revealed delayed dye inflow into the nasal choroidal hemisphere that is supplied by the short posterior ciliary artery. The following day, the patient’s visual acuity improved to 20/20. Soft exudates around the optic disc increased during observation and gradually disappeared. His hemodynamic parameters revealed subclavian steal syndrome as examined by cervical ultrasonography and digital subtraction angiography. We speculate that his transient blindness was due to ophthalmic artery spasms. In this particular case, spasms of the ophthalmic artery and occlusion of the short posterior ciliary artery occurred simultaneously. As the short posterior ciliary artery branches from the ophthalmic artery, the anatomical location of the lesion might be near the branching of both arteries.

Middle Meningeal Origin of the Ophthalmic Artery

Neurosurgery ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingliang Liu ◽  
Albert L. Rhoton
Keyword(s):  
Ophthalmic Artery ◽  
Middle Meningeal Artery ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Microsurgical Anatomy ◽  
Superior Orbital Fissure ◽  
Anatomic Dissection ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
Arteries And Veins ◽  
Meningeal Artery

Abstract OBJECTIVE To examine the microsurgical anatomy and clinical significance of an anomalous origin of the ophthalmic artery from the middle meningeal artery. METHODS In the course of an anatomic study of the cavernous sinus, an anomalous ophthalmic artery arising from the middle meningeal artery was found. To further define the anatomy of the region, five additional skulls, in which the arteries and veins were injected with colored latex, were dissected using 3× to 40× magnification. RESULTS The anomalous ophthalmic artery arose from the frontal branch of the middle meningeal artery, passed through the superior orbital fissure, and supplied the entire contents of the orbit, as well as giving rise to the central retinal artery. This study provides the first display of this anomaly in an anatomic dissection. CONCLUSION The ophthalmic artery may infrequently arise from the middle meningeal artery. This anomaly places the ophthalmic artery at risk during procedures in which the dura is elevated from the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid or when the sphenoid ridge is removed and during embolization procedures involving the branches of the external carotid artery.

A microsurgical study of the anatomy and course of the ophthalmic artery and its possibly dangerous anastomoses

2007 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Perrini ◽  
Andrea Cardia ◽  
Kenneth Fraser ◽  
Giuseppe Lanzino
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Ophthalmic Artery ◽  
Endovascular Procedures ◽  
Middle Meningeal Artery ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Microsurgical Anatomy ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
Meningeal Artery

Object The authors studied the microsurgical anatomy of the ophthalmic artery (OphA), paying particular attention to its possibly dangerous anastomoses with the middle meningeal artery (MMA). Methods The microsurgical anatomy of the OphA and its anastomoses with the MMA were studied in 14 vessels from seven adult cadaveric heads. The origination order of the OphA branches varies in relation to whether the artery, along its intraorbital course, crosses above or below the optic nerve (ON). The central retinal artery is the first branch to course from the OphA when it crosses over the ON, and it is the second branch to course from the OphA when the artery crosses under the ON. Anastomoses between branches of the MMA and the OphA were present in the majority of the specimens examined. Conclusions Detailed knowledge of the microanatomy of the OphA and recognition of anastomoses between the external carotid artery and the OphA are critically important in avoiding disastrous complications during endovascular procedures.

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