scholarly journals Phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of oxide systems on the basis of rare earth, alkaline earth and 3d-transition (Mn, Fe, Co) metals. A short overview of

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Cherepanov ◽  
L. Ya. Gavrilova ◽  
N. E. Volkova ◽  
A. S. Urusov ◽  
T. V. Aksenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Oxide Systems ◽  
Short Overview

Phase Equilibria in a Liquid Metal of Fe-La-Ce-O System at 1600 °С

2020 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 468-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennady G. Mikhailov ◽  
L.A. Makrovets ◽  
O.V. Samoilova
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Liquid Iron ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Liquid Oxygen ◽  
Oxide Systems ◽  
Calculation Technique ◽  
Steelmaking Technology

Thermodynamic modeling of phase equilibria in a liquid metal of Fe–La–Ce–O system at 1600 °С, using the technique of constructing the solubility surfaces for the components of a metal, was carried out. The calculation technique allowed assessing the depth of liquid iron de-oxidation at a complex use of lanthanum and cerium as deoxidizing agents. Also, diagrams of de-oxidants’ consumption for one ton of liquid oxygen-containing iron were calculated in the course of the work. Carrying out a calculation of the solubility surfaces for the components of a metal required simulation of phase diagrams of the following oxide systems: FeO–La2O3–Ce2O3, FeO–CeO2–La2O3, CeO2–La2O3–Ce2O3. The obtained results might be of interest for optimization of the use of rare-earth metals in steelmaking technology.

THERMODYNAMICS OF THE PROCESSES OF INTERACTION OF LIQUID METAL COMPONENTS IN Fe – Mg – Al – La – O SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 460-465
Author(s):  
G. G. Mikhailov ◽  
L. A. Makrovets ◽  
L. A. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Oxide Systems ◽  
Metal Melts ◽  
Steel Deoxidation

At the present time, rare-earth elements in metallurgy are used in  the form of mischmetal – a rare-earth elements natural mixture (with  atomic numbers from 57 to 71). It contains about 50  wt.  % of cerium.  The remaining elements are mainly lanthanum and niobium. The specific composition is determined by the ore deposit. Inconstant composition of the modifier containing rare-earth metals (REM) can significantly reduce its efficiency. Experimentally, for every branded steels  composition the ratio of various REMs can’t be selected because of the  high costs of obtaining technically pure rare-earth metals. The task of  determining the each rare earth element optimum concentrations and  complex ligature composition can be solved by thermodynamic modeling. In the framework of thermodynamic modeling, the interaction  between magnesium, aluminum and lanthanum with oxygen in liquid  iron is presented. And the thermodynamic model of steel deoxidation  by these active metals composition is considered. On the basis of available literature data on the phase diagrams of the systems MgO – Al2O3 ,  MgO – La2O3 and La2O3 – Al2O3 , the coordinates of the invariant equilibria points in the system MgO – La2O3 – Al2O3 were determined. The  phase diagram of the system MgO – La2O3 – Al2O3 was constructed. It  made possible to establish all phase equilibria realized in the process  of deoxidation of steel with magnesium, lanthanum and aluminum and  to describe these phase equilibria by chemical reactions equations. The  activity of the components in liquid oxide melts was determined using  the theory of subregular ionic solutions, which takes into account the  dependence of the coordination number of cations on the composition  of the oxide melt. The activity of components in metal melts conjugated with oxide systems were determined by Wagner’s theory using the  parameters of the first order interaction. Equilibrium constants values  for the steel deoxidation reactions are installed indirectly by thermodynamic calculations. On the basis of the obtained data the components  solubility surface in the metal melts of Fe – Mg – Al – La – O system  was constructed, which allowed to determine the liquid metal composition regions associated with the corresponding oxide phase.

Computational Phase Studies of Oxide Ceramics

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Matvei Zinkevich
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Oxidation States ◽  
Oxide Ceramics ◽  
Ionic Crystals ◽  
Oxide Systems ◽  
Multicomponent Oxide ◽  
Gibbs Energies ◽  
Model Equations ◽  
Multicomponent Oxide Systems

This paper shows how phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of various multicomponent oxide systems can be represented with the use of model equations for the Gibbs energies of all phases as functions of temperature and composition. Starting from the stoichiometric phases and random solutions, the complexity of the models increases tremendously when ordering tendencies or certain defects in the lattice of ionic crystals, such as vacancies and/or variable oxidation states have to be taken into account.

Phase composition of modern microcrystalline modifiers containing silicon, alkaline earth and rare earth metals

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
V. P. Ermakova ◽  
◽  
S. Yu. Melchakov ◽  
V. G. Smirnova ◽  
L. A. Ovchinnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Metals

ChemInform Abstract: RADIOCRYSTALLOGRAPHIC AND OPTICAL STUDY OF DOUBLE RARE EARTH AND ALKALINE EARTH GALLATES

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
NGUYEN-TRUT-DINH NGUYEN-TRUT-DINH ◽  
G. LE FLEM ◽  
J. FAVA ◽  
A. DAOUDI ◽  
G. DEMAZEAU
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Optical Study
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