scholarly journals Apresentação: Vannevar Bush - Science The Endless Frontier

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Vannevar Bush ◽  
Franklin Roosevelt ◽  
Endless Frontier

Em 17 de novembro de 1944, quando os cientistas do Projeto Manhattan já previam que teriam um artefato nuclear pronto antes de agosto de 1945, cientistas de vários outros laboratórios no Reino Unido e nos EUA já tinham desenvolvido os radares decisivos para defender a população de cidades da Inglaterra dos bombardeiros nazistas e muitas outras tecnologias relevantes para o esforço de guerra norte-americano estavam se provando importantes no campo de batalha, o presidente Franklin Roosevelt enviou a Vannevar Bush, diretor do Escritório de Pesquisa Científica e Desenvolvimento (Office of Scientific Research and Development, que articulava e supervisionava a maior parte do esforço de pesquisa para defesa)...

The Counterproductive Management of Science in the Second World War: Vannevar Bush and the Office of Scientific Research and Development

1994 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Owens
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Vannevar Bush ◽  
Science And Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Second World

Established to mobilize science during the Second World War, the Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) and its director, Vannevar Bush, created new weapons as well as a new relationship between science and government that helped shape Cold War America. Yet much about the partnership that emerged disappointed Bush, especially its uncontrolled expansion and the failure of civilian oversight. The failure, ironically, as this article explains, can be traced to the very approach that allowed Bush to mobilize rapidly during wartime, especially to an “associationalism” and contractual strategy that centralized the management of R&D in Washington while leaving its performance to private contractors. Forged in more conservative decades, the strategy facilitated the rapid exploitation of private-sector resources at the cost of promoting the uncontrolled proliferation of public-private arrangements that undercut Bush's postwar hopes.

scholarly journals The Revolution in Science in America, 1900-1950

Substantia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Jack Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
Vannevar Bush ◽  
The Us ◽  
European Jewish

The US lagged behind the European powers, Germany, Britain and France, in scientific research and development at the beginning of the 20th century. Why this occurred and how Germany and Britain supported their flourishing scientific research cultures are discussed. The first serious expansion in basic scientific research in the US occurred with the influx of European Jewish scientists fleeing Nazism in the 1930’s. They specifically brought with them knowledge of atomic physics. The influence of Vannevar Bush, who was Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development during World War Two proved crucial for the expansion of civilian research and development after the War, supported by the Federal Government. Also after the War, Operation Paperclip brought German scientists to the US and they had significant influence on developments in aeronautics, rocketry and space exploration.

Endless Frontier: Vannevar Bush, Engineer of the American Century

Physics Today ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 49-50
Author(s):  
G. Pascal Zachary ◽  
Jessica Wang
Keyword(s):  
American Century ◽  
Vannevar Bush ◽  
Endless Frontier

Scientific research and development Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
L. A. Gnezdilova ◽  
◽  
E. A. Tinaeva ◽  
M. V. Selina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Project Financing ◽  
Further Development

The article shows the importance of the grant activities of the teaching staff and young scientists in the development of the Academy. An analysis of project financing at the expense of grants won in 2020 is presented and ways of further development of grant activities are proposed.

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