An effective method for determining the integrity of the sperm acrosome of canine-producers

In the presented work, a method was tested for determining the number of spermatozoa with intact acrosome in male producers using Diff-Quick dye. As a research method, we used a similar method for determining the integrity of the acrosome in breeding bulls developed in the FGBU «VGNKI» [5]. 25 samples of frozen sperm of canine producers were examined for the integrity of the sperm acrosome. Samples were provided by the clinical diagnostic center. The monitoring of the state of acrosomes in the sperm production of canine producers after staining with a specialized set of Diff-Quick dyes was carried out.

Application of the feed additive «Abiotonic» in poultry farming

This paper presents a study of the effect of the feed additive «Abiotonic» on the indicators of egg and meat productivity when applied to laying hens. It was found that with the additional introduction of this additive into the standard diet of poultry, the content of nonessential amino acids in their meat is 10% higher compared to the same parameters in the meat of chickens of the control group, the content of partially nonessential amino acids is by 8,5%, and of irreplaceable amino acids is by 6,7%. In addition, in the meat of laying hens, which used the feed additive «Abiotonic», the content of selenium (Se) is 29,4% higher than in the meat of birds of the control group, and iron (Fe) – by 20%. The average daily gain in live weight of the birds in the experimental group was 3,6 g more than in the control hens. Microbiological research made it possible to establish that poultry meat, regardless of the introduction of the feed additive «Abiotonik», meets the established requirements and is safe for human consumption. «Abiotonic», in addition, significantly improves the egg production of birds. It was found that the weight of eggs with the introduction of this feed additive in the diet in addition to the compound feed increased by an average of 1,2 g, and the egg production increased by 23 eggs in 7 days.

Scientific research and development Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin

The article shows the importance of the grant activities of the teaching staff and young scientists in the development of the Academy. An analysis of project financing at the expense of grants won in 2020 is presented and ways of further development of grant activities are proposed.

Features of microorganism resistance formation on livestock complexes during mastitis in cows

A study of the resistance of microflora isolated from the secret of udder patients with cow mastitis showed high resistance of isolated microorganisms to antibiotics of penicillin, tetracycline cephalosporin, polymyxin, macrolides, glycopeptides and lincosamides. In determining the sensitivity of isolated microorganisms to complex antibacterial drugs, it was found that all strains of S. agalactiae showed resistance to all the drugs studied (Bayoclox DC, Mamifort secado, Mastiet forte, Mastizim, Norfloxamast, Primalact, C-mast). E. coli was resistant to 62,5% of the study drugs (Bayoclox DC, Mamifort secado, Mastizim, C-mast). S. aureus – to 50,0% of drugs. Antibiotic resistance of the groups of penicillins, tetracyclines, linkosamides of 1 generation was recorded in 100% of the strains studied. 56,6% E. col, 43,4% S. aureus and 80% S. agalactiae were resistant to fluoroquinolone preparations. 75% E. col, 60% S. aureus and 50% S. agalactiae were resistant to cefazoline antibiotics. E. coli did not show resistance to the group of aminoglycosides (gentamicin); of the isolates S. aureus and S. agalactiae, 20% were resistant.

The current state of the pharmaceutical market for anthelmintic drugs for veterinary use

This paper presents an analysis of the range of veterinary medicines registered in the territory of the Russian Federation and used for the prevention and treatment of helminthiasis. The Russian Federation is a leader in the development and production of anthelmintic medicines registered on its territory. Antiparasitic medicines used for the prevention and treatment of helminthiasis are divided according to the spectrum of action depending on the class of helminths. It was revealed that the majority of medicines (89 medicines – 58,17%) have a wide spectrum of action. Of these, 62 medicines (40,52% of the total amount of anthelmintic medicines) are intended for the treatment of nematodes and cestodoses. When distributing anthelmintic medicines among target animals, it was found that 75 medicines (49.02%) are intended for the treatment of productive animals, and 78 medicines (50,98%) are intended for the treatment of unproductive animals. When assessing the dynamics of state registration of anthelmintic medicines for veterinary use, it can be noted that over the past 4 years there has been a tendency towards an increase in the average annual registration.

The structure of the main infectious diseases of farm animals in the border districts of the Badakhshan province of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

A brief description is given on the spread of the main infectious diseases in the Badakhshan province, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. One of the main goals which the veterinary service of any country has is to prevent the spread of infectious animal diseases. The geographical location of the Badakhshan province, of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, becomes a predisposing factor for the spread of infectious diseases, especially the territory of the Republic of Tajikistan, which borders Afghanistan and is part of the union of independent countries, is especially vulnerable. Every year in the province of Badakhshan, various infectious diseases break out: foot and mouth disease, smallpox of sheep and chickens, contagious pleuropneumonia of goats, enterotoxaemia of sheep, emphysematous carbuncle. These diseases cause great economic damage to livestock and the national economy in general, some of them are included in the OIE list as transboundary diseases. Scientifically grounded research and veterinary, sanitary and preventive measures in Badakhshan province are an important task to prevent the spread of infectious diseases in the Central Asian region.

Comparative evaluation of antigenic activity of means of immune prevention of anaerobic enterotoxemia of calves

The study of the antigenic activity of vaccines used against anaerobic enterotoxemia of calves was carried out. The level of antibodies during immunization with the vaccines: «Polyvalent toxoid Clostridium perfringens against anaerobic enterotoxemia of calves» and the associated vaccine against clostridiosis «Klostbovak-8» – was comparable. Credits to all types of the pathogen was protective in the application of the toxoid. At 40–50 days of age, the level of antibodies was significantly higher when using polyvalent toxoid. No antibodies were detected in the control group.

Experience in conducting veterinary-sanitary and zoohygienic surveys of farms that are unfavorable for bacterial infections of cattle

The article presents the results of veterinary-sanitary and zoohygienic examination of the farm that is unfavorable for bacterial infections-pasteurellosis, moraxellosis, escherichiosis, and other pathologies. There is a high incidence of mastitis and endometritis in cows, and gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in young animals. 32,6 «marker points» of violations of conditions of keeping, feeding and exploitation of animals were identified. Recommendations are given for the elimination of violations, after which the incidence of respiratory diseases in calves decreased by 48,2%, gastrointestinal diseases – by 93,0%, the manifestation of infectious keratoconjunctivitis caused by moracella decreased by 12,0%, and the incidence of chronic endometritis in cows decreased by XNUMX%. The farm was recovered from clinical, subclinical mastitis and postpartum endometritis.

Reproductive qualities of the Ayrshire cows depending on the different reasons for culling

In order to increase the number of replacement young animals and the terms of productive use, the dynamics of reproductive qualities of the first calving cows in the period from 2009 to 2016 and those who survived to the 5th calving (n=36 164) was analyzed. The data set is divided into groups of cows of different age of culling: Clvn – the group leaving after the n-th calving, Lclv – the group by the last calving with reasons for their culling: LP – low productivity, G&I – gynecological diseases and infertility, U – udder diseases, L – limb diseases. The following calving results in proportions were taken into account: Ab – abortions, Sb – stillborns, B – bulls, H – heifers, Mo – multiple offspring. It was revealed that the smallest proportion of cull animals at the first calving (9,2%), and the largest – at the third (27,1%) with a tendency to increase after Clv2 and Clv3 calving by 6,2 and 7,3% and, conversely, decrease at the age of 5th calving by 11.2%. It was found that the share of Ab in the studied sample in cows Clv1 is lower (from 0,10 to 0,60%) than Lclv (from 0,30 to 0,60%), and on Sb, on the contrary, indicators are higher for Clv1 (from 4,47 to 5,10%). There is a tendency for the sex ratio to shift towards B: their share in the offspring by Clv1 ranges from 48,3% in 2010 to 51,4% in 2016, and H from 45,2% in 2014 to 47,3% in 2010. The greatest losses in the breeding of dairy cattle are caused by culling for G&I cows, the share of which has decreased in recent years from 42.9% in 2009 to 32.0% in 2016 in Lclv and from 58,8 to 45,7%, respectively, by Clv1, and the share of analogues for Clv2 and Clv3 calving is significantly lower (40,5 and 36,2%, respectively). In this group of cull animals Clv2 and Clv3, the Ab is the second in value (on average, 0.54 with fluctuations from 0,51 to 0,65%, respectively). For active and effective reproduction of the herd, it is necessary to keep the maximum amount of heifers from Clv1 for introduction into the herd and to reduce losses from G&I.

The importance of breeding along the lines cattle of dairy breeds

The aspects of reasonableness in developing the line breeding strategy at the current status stage of dairy breeds and its significance as a factor for genetic variability have been reported. The value for milk production of the first-calf heifers within the line-bred pedigree Red-and-White cattle is estimated. Particular characteristics of the progeny produced from mating in the inbred and crossbred lines are recorded. The lower trait variability of traits was found with selecting within the crossbred lines than that in the inbred lines. Thus, the variables for the milk yield, the mass fraction of fat (MFF) in milk, and the mass fraction of protein (MFP) were less by 4–13% of the mean square deviation, 11,3–20,6%, and 14,3%, respectively. Livestock breed differentiation between the breeding lines was previously executed with the artificial elements of isolation systems. At present, the breeds widely distributed in the Russian Federation are usually “improved” with the use of Holsteins. Therefore, their genealogy and breeding structures depend on the foreign gene pool. Selection strategies for the improvement of milkability traits were implemented along with selection of bull sires capable of improving the conformation. In addition, certain herd bulls were used repeatadly. The variables for genetic values for milkability traits, which changed over time, were monitored. The herd milk production within the lines over a generation increased by 624–786 kg milk (P<0,001), while the MFF deacresed by 0,18–0,25% (P<0,001). Depending on the types of breeding, the differences in the milk yields and the MFF of the first-calf heifers between the lines comprised 178–444 kg (P<0,001) and +0.01%, respectively. However, a statistically significant difference between the lines was recorded only for the MFP, which comprised 0,03% (P<0,001).