scholarly journals An integrated assessment of seismic hazard exposure and its societal impact in Seven Sister States of North Eastern Region of India for sustainable disaster mitigation planning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navdeep Agrawal ◽  
Laxmi Gupta ◽  
Jagabandhu Dixit ◽  
Sujit Kumar Dash
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Seismic Hazard Maps ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Mitigation Planning ◽  
Seismic Hazard Exposure

Abstract The Seven Sister States of the North Eastern Region of India, located on the complex seismotectonic belt, is characterized by high seismicity. A comprehensive seismic hazard exposure assessment is carried out by quantifying hazard using a probabilistic approach, vulnerability by factor analysis, and exposure mapping by integrating seismic hazard and vulnerability. Peak ground acceleration (PGA) values at bedrock are calculated with the help of ground motion prediction equations (GMPE) for 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years (475 years) and 100 years (950 years), and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years (2475 years). The resulting spatial distribution of the PGA values considering return periods of 475, 950, and 2475 years are presented through seismic hazard maps. The social vulnerability analysis indicates that 21 districts covering 91.43% area of the state of Assam and the entire state of Tripura are under high vulnerability. With the help of spatial cluster analysis, it is found that 17.14% of the study area are having an average social vulnerability index (SVI) score of 0.329 and therefore can be considered as hotspots. Through seismic hazard analysis, it is observed that more than 50% of the area of North East India is under moderate to very high exposure class. The seismic hazard maps developed can help in disaster mitigation planning and execution leading to sustainable development goals and targets.

Exposure Analysis Using the Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Maps for Japan

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuoto Nojima ◽  
◽  
Satoshi Fujikawa ◽  
Yutaka Ishikawa ◽  
Toshihiko Okumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Site Amplification ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Seismic Hazard Maps ◽  
Exposure Analysis

With the aim of better understanding and more effective utilization of probabilistic seismic hazard maps in Japan, exposure analysis has been carried out by combining hazard maps with population distribution maps. Approximately 80% of the population of Japan is exposed to a relatively high seismic hazard, i.e., a 3% probability of exceeding JMAseismic intensity 6 lower within 30 years. In highly populated areas, specifically in major metropolitan areas, seismic hazard tends to relatively high because of the site amplification effects of holocene deposits. In implementing earthquake disaster mitigation measures, it is important to consider the overlapping effect of seismic hazard and demographic distributions.

Effect of Time Dependence on Probabilistic Seismic-Hazard Maps and Deaggregation for the Central Apennines, Italy

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (2A) ◽  
pp. 585-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Akinci ◽  
F. Galadini ◽  
D. Pantosti ◽  
M. Petersen ◽  
L. Malagnini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Time Dependence ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Central Apennines ◽  
Seismic Hazard Maps

Seismic hazard maps for the U.K.

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 141-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. W. Musson ◽  
P. W. Winter
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Seismic Hazard Maps

First USGS Urban Seismic Hazard Maps Predict the Effects of Soils

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Cramer ◽  
J. S. Gomberg ◽  
E. S. Schweig ◽  
B. A. Waldron ◽  
K. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Seismic Hazard Maps

scholarly journals The Memphis, Shelby County, Tennessee, seismic hazard maps

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris H. Cramer ◽  
Joan S. Gomberg ◽  
Eugene S. Schweig ◽  
Brian A. Waldron ◽  
Kathleen Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Seismic Hazard Maps ◽  
Shelby County

scholarly journals Assessment on earthquake resistance spectral design load criteria for buildings and infrastructures in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 07009
Author(s):  
I Wayan Sengara ◽  
Fahmi Aldiamar
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Earthquake Resistance ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Seismic Codes ◽  
Seismic Hazard Maps ◽  
Design Load ◽  
Spectral Design

General assessment on earthquake resistance spectral design load criteria for buildings and infrastructures associated with the recent development of Indonesian seismic hazard maps is presented in this paper. The assessment is directed toward general identification of their associated risks for input to policy formulation of disaster risk reduction management plans or strategies. Indonesian seismic hazard maps haveevolved for the last three decades. This is originated from an early development map before 2002, where a seismic hazard map particularly for buildings (1983) was developed adopting the early process of probabilisticseismic hazard analysis (PSHA) for 200 years return period (RP). Further, a 2002 version seismic hazard maphas been developed in the form of peak ground acceleration (PGA) for 500 years RP. Spectral design criteriafor buildings and bridges have been later developed by updating PSHA involving new seismic source zones, ground-motion predictive equations, and various earthquake RP, accommodating seismic codes for buildings(2500 years RP), for bridges (1000 years RP) and dams involving various RP up to 10,000 years RP correspond to its design level. The spectral accelerations also have included PGA, short (0.2s) period, and 1-s period. The latest update hazard maps (2017) have been developed and adopted for seismic codes for buildings, bridges, dams, and other related infrastructures. The increase in spectral design load criteria is identified to assess the general risk of existing constructions, considering the results of several recent building damage surveys. Adoption of new seismic codes based on the most recent hazard maps along with its enforcement is expected to contribute to seismic disaster risk reduction in Indonesia.

Seismic hazard maps of Mexico, the Caribbean, and Central and South America

2004 ◽  
Vol 390 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 159-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Tanner ◽  
Kaye M. Shedlock
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Seismic Hazard Maps ◽  
The Caribbean

Probabilistic seismic hazard maps for California do not perform better relative to historical shaking data when site-specific VS30 is considered

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Gallahue ◽  
Leah Salditch ◽  
Madeleine Lucas ◽  
James Neely ◽  
Susan Hough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Seismic Hazard Maps ◽  
Intensity Mapping ◽  
Aleatory Variability

<div> <p>Probabilistic seismic hazard assessments forecast levels of earthquake shaking that should be exceeded with only a certain probability over a given period of time are important for earthquake hazard mitigation. These rely on assumptions about when and where earthquakes will occur, their size, and the resulting shaking as a function of distance as described by ground-motion models (GMMs) that cover broad geologic regions. Seismic hazard maps are used to develop building codes.</p> </div><div> <p>To explore the robustness of maps’ shaking forecasts, we consider how maps hindcast past shaking. We have compiled the California Historical Intensity Mapping Project (CHIMP) dataset of the maximum observed seismic intensity of shaking from the largest Californian earthquakes over the past 162 years. Previous comparisons between the maps for a constant V<sub>S30</sub> (shear-wave velcoity in the top 30 m of soil) of 760 m/s and CHIMP based on several metrics suggested that current maps overpredict shaking.</p> <p>The differences between the V<sub>S30</sub> at the CHIMP sites and the reference value of 760 m/s could amplify or deamplify the ground motions relative to the mapped values. We evaluate whether the V<sub>S30 </sub>at the CHIMP sites could cause a possible bias in the models. By comparison with the intensity data in CHIMP, we find that using site-specific V<sub>S30</sub> does not improve map performance, because the site corrections cause only minor differences from the original 2018 USGS hazard maps at the short periods (high frequencies) relevant to peak ground acceleration and hence MMI. The minimal differences reflect the fact that the nonlinear deamplification due to increased soil damping largely offsets the linear amplification due to low V<sub>S30</sub>. The net effects will be larger for longer periods relevant to tall buildings, where net amplification occurs. </p> <div> <p>Possible reasons for this discrepancy include limitations of the dataset, a bias in the hazard models, an over-estimation of the aleatory variability of the ground motion or that seismicity throughout the historical period has been lower than the long-term average, perhaps by chance due to the variability of earthquake recurrence. Resolving this discrepancy, which is also observed in Italy and Japan, could improve the performance of seismic hazard maps and thus earthquake safety for California and, by extension, worldwide. We also explore whether new nonergodic GMMs, with reduced aleatory variability, perform better than presently used ergodic GMMs compared to historical data.</p> </div> </div>

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