scholarly journals The measurement of unfrozen water content in freezing soils by time domain reflectometry.

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
Unfrozen Water Content

The measurement of unfrozen water content by time domain reflectometry: results from laboratory tests

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Patterson ◽  
M. W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Property ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
Unfrozen Water Content ◽  
Property Versus

A new technique for determining the volumetric unfrozen water content of frozen soils is reported, which uses time domain reflectometry (TDR) to measure the dielectric property. Using precise temperature control, the technique, which was developed previously by others for unfrozen soils, has been successfully applied to the measurement of unfrozen water contents of frozen soils. Curves of the dielectric property versus temperature show a close similarity to unfrozen water content curves, for a variety of soils. Results from experiments on ice–water mixtures and from combined TDR–dilatometry experiments on frozen soils suggest that an empirical relationship obtained by Topp, Davis, and Annan may be applicable to frozen media as well as unfrozen soils. Using this relationship, dielectric values were converted to unfrozen water content values, and the results agreed very closely with published data for similar soils, determined by other methods. For silt loams, agreement is typically within ± 1½% in volumetric water content, and for clays ± 3 %. Some of this difference is undoubtedly due to soil sample variations.

Unfrozen water content in saline soils: results using time-domain reflectometry

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Patterson ◽  
M. W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Unfrozen Water Content ◽  
Pore Water Salinity ◽  
Apparent Dielectric Constant

The use of time-domain reflectometry (TDR) for determining the phase composition of saline permafrost from measurement of the apparent dielectric constant, Ka, is examined.Combined TDR–dilatometry experiments were performed to assess whether the TDR method could be used on frozen soil samples with high pore water salinity. In general, unfrozen water content determinations by TDR were within ±0.025 cm3∙cm−3 of those obtained by dilatometry, with no marked influence due to salinity. A novel probe design for use on saline core samples shows promise as a means for determining unfrozen water contents in the field.

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