‘What is (and is not) exploration?’ discusses what it means to explore and be an explorer by considering explorations and discoveries through history by Leif Eiriksson, Christopher Columbus, Meriwether Lewis, William Clark, Alexander von Humboldt, Henry Morton Stanley, Richard Burton, John Hanning Speke, David Livingstone, and James Cook. Exploration is often fundamentally about mediation, intercession, cultural negotiation, and sometimes, even, symbiosis. Exploration also encouraged some form of occupation, conquest, or control. Explorers were the primary agents of contact not just between cultures and peoples, but between whole ecosystems and environments. To that joint anthropological and ecological extent, exploration ultimately means change: it is a particularly adventurous form of original travel involving discovery, cultural contact, and change.
ANALYSIS OF THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF DISTINGUISHING MAGISTRACY AS A SPACE OF SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: A REVIEW OF THE BOOK “ACADEMIC CHARISMA AND THE ORIGINS OF THE RESEARCH UNIVERSITY” BY WILLIAM CLARK (TRANSLATED FROM ENGLISH; EDITED BY M. DOBRYAKOVA, MOSCOW, HIGHER SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS PUBL., 2017. 736 P.)
