- Carlo Cattaneo was one the most eminent thinker of the Italy in the Risorgimento period. His interests were devoted to social sciences with a focus of the economic engineering. This paper is devoted to demonstrate the particular attention of Cattaneo to a particular approach to economics; that is the analysis of Cattaneo to economical facts presents significative conceptual elements of the modern neo-institutional approach. Particularly Cattaneo emphasised the importance of the technological progress, with a particular attention to the role of knowledge and human capital. A significative work of Cattaneo is that one devoted to the analysis of relationship between legal institutions and the professional specializations of Jewes. JEL Classification: B3, B4, B25 Key words: Economic Thought, Carlo Cattaneo