scholarly journals Legal Basis for Defying the Smuggling of Alcohol and Gold in the Far East During the First World War

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
V. V. Sinichenko ◽  
◽  
R. A. Izakson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
First World War ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
World War ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

Mutinies after War

2021 ◽  
pp. 166-190
Author(s):  
Keith Grint
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
First World War ◽  
Canadian Forces ◽  
British Government ◽  
World War ◽  
Canadian Army ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Return Home ◽  
First World

If mutinies are significant threats to those military parties facing defeat during wars, they are still more dangerous to the victors after the war is ended, when those conscripted for the duration of the war are desperate to return home. This chapter covers three such mutinies: those affecting British forces in 1918 and 1919; those facing Canadian forces in 1919; and finally the mutiny that literally grounded the RAF in 1946 in India and the Far East. The first cases occur in the south of England and France as the First World War is ending, but Churchill in particular was keen to retain both naval and army units to continue the fight against the fledgling Bolshevik regime. What is intriguing about these is just how militant the mutineers were and how the British government treated them with kid gloves, unlike those in the British Foreign Labour units who we meet in chapter 6. For the Canadian army the problem starts in Russia but end up in Wales, as the troops kick their heels waiting to return home and frustrations boil over into gunfights near Rhyl in 1919. Finally, we consider the similar issues prevailing over the RAF in India and the Far East as it becomes clear to the subordinates that they are a long way from home and have little immediate prospect of going home—unless they mutiny.

scholarly journals The Manchurian Agricultural Society and Attempts to Establish a Colonization Bank in 1914-1915

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-683
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Khodjakov
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Far East ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Agricultural Society ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

Based on materials from the Russian State Historical Archive of the Far East and a number of other sources, the present article examines the activities of the Manchurian Agricultural Society (MAS). Founded in Harbin in 1912, MAS was actively involved in the developing of fertile land along the SinoEastern Railway (Kitaisko-vostochnaia zheleznaya doroga) strip. As the article points out, the leadership of the Company also came up with plans for the colonization of Northern Manchuria, the territory of which belonged to China. So far historians never considered the activities of MAS from this angle; MAS has so far been credited with the role of a conductor of Russian agricultural knowledge, through training specialists for agriculture in Manchuria and offering agro-technical education to the population living along the Sino-East Railway. Until Russia entered the First World War, MAS had some chances of obtaining support for its project in commercial and industrial circles, which were interested in strengthening Russian influence in northeast China. The author notes that serious adjustments in the activities of MAS were due to changes in the international political situation in 1914-1915. Circles in the Russian government were interested in maintaining friendly relations with their eastern neighbors, China and Japan. It is shown that in the changing political environment, without receiving support from the Russian government and the Governor-General of the Amur Province, the Company was able to redirect its activities. Its leadership concentrated on trying to create a special Colonization Society and a subsidizing Colonization Bank, whose funds were to be composed of shares, bonds, and treasury subsidies. The goal of this new Society and the Bank was to support Russia's economic undertakings in the Far East - the organization of agricultural and industrial enterprises, and the provision of financial and technical assistance to them. However, the First World War, which went very badly for Russia, did not allow for a realization of these plans. The problems of the colonization of the region were not resolved.

scholarly journals «Firm Prices» for Sugar in Eastern Russia During the First World War and Civil War

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sinichenko ◽  
◽  
Galina Tokarevа ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
First World War ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The One ◽  
First World ◽  
Eastern Russia

The article states that in the conditions of war, first the royal government, then the provisional government, moved to impose fixed food prices. The introduction of «firm prices» for food products has caused shortages. The shortage of goods led on the one hand to hyperinflation and depreciation of money, on the other hand to the growth of smuggling operations and saturation of the Far East market with smuggled food from abroad.

War Conditions and Narcotics Control: The Passing of Defence of the Realm Act Regulation 40B

1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Berridge
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Far East ◽  
First World War ◽  
Heroin Addiction ◽  
World War ◽  
Home Office ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Narcotics Control ◽  
First World

ABSTRACTThis paper analyses the determinants of social policy through a study of a crucial stage in the evolution of British narcotics legislation. Conditions in the First World War fundamentally altered the way in which narcotics were controlled in England and established a ‘hard-line’ reaction to drug use later reflected in the firstDangerous Drugs Act(1920) and the debates of the 1920s. Wartime needs formulated a pattern of governmental responsibility which, with control vested in the Home Office, still persists. The paper analyses the tendencies inherent in nineteenth-century poisons legislation, and argues that, despite Britain's reluctant adherence to the American-inspired system of international narcotic control, domestic narcotics legislation as considered prior to the outbreak of war was more liberal than the wartime regulation. Drug smuggling from England to the far east and fears, largely illusory, of a cocaine ‘epidemic’ in the army in 1916 brought more stringent regulation. Narcotic controls in Britain appeared set on a path similar to that of America'sHarrisonAct, which was being interpreted in an absolutist way. Only the report of the Rolleston Committee on Morphine and Heroin Addiction in 1926 marked a victory for the medical approach, but the influence of the events of 1916 lived on in other ways.

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